index

SP-349/396 PIONEER ODYSSEY

[214-217] Index

absorption by atmosphere, 19
acetylene, 11, 95
aerosols, 120
Alvarez, Jose M., 55
Amalthea, 111, 112
ammonia, 10, 11, 14, 17, 18, 59, 114
Anderson, John D., 58, 208
Andrastea, 20, 85
angle, phase, 139
anomalies, 74, 89, 90, 122, 162
antenna, ground, 35, 36, 37: spacecraft, 42, 43, 45
apparitions of planets, 8
asteroid, 2, 20, 26, 30: Apollo, 31; belt, 22, 67, 68, 70, 82, 83, 99, 100; Hidalgo, 31; Nike, 67; sizes of, 30, 31
Astronautical Society, American, 25
Atlas-Centaur launch vehicle, 26, 27, 39, 62, 64
atmosphere lo, 101: Jupiter, 13, 89, 113, 115, 122, 154
Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), 26, 44, 61, 198
attitude control, 42, 65
aurora, 51
awards, Pioneer, 207
azimuth, 69

Baker, L. Ralph, 74
Bane, Don, 183
Barnard, E. E., 7
belts of Jupiter, 11, 118, 119, 120, 143
Bendix Field Engineering Corporation, 26, 203
beryllium, 52
bits and pixels, 123
Blenman, Charles Jr., 60
Bode, Johann Elert, 30
boron, 52
bow shock, 72, 85, 103
Breen, Mary Ann, x
Burgess, Eric, 183, 219

Cain, Dan L., 59
Callisto, 6, 7, 59, 85, 89, 101, 180
Canopus, 42
Carlson, Robert W., 56
cassegrain optical system, 58
celestial mechanics experiment, 55, 100
Cerenkov courter, 53
Ceres, 2, 30, 31
Chase, Stillman C., 58
charge d particle experiment, 51, 53, 103, 104
Chen, Yin-pao, x
Clements, Arthur, 60
clouds, Jupiter's, 11, 89, 114
Coburn, David S., 49
Coffeen, David L., 60
Coleman, Paul J. Jr., 49
color, Jupiter, 11, 18, 120: synthesis, 74, 136
composition, Jupiter, 113
command and control, 32, 38, 88
commandingIPP, 128
commands, spurious, 74
communications, 22, 32, 35, 37, 43, 62, 89, 94, 97: frequencies, 43
Conical Scan (CONSCAN), 45
conjunctions, planetary, 9
constellation, Taurus, 184
contractors, Pioneer, 203
control, mission, (see operations)
Copernican model, 72
core, Jupiter, 10, 17, 112, 115
cosmetic enhancement, 132
cosmic rays, 26, 45, 47, 53, 97: experiment, 52
counterglow (see also Gegenschein), 60, 67, 98, 99
Cullard, H., 50

Davis, Leverett, 49
Day Of Year (DOY) (see time)
Deep Space Network (DSN), 27, 29, 35, 37, 38, 43, 45, 88, 198
Demeter, 85
detector, particle, 52
deuterium, 52
diameter of Jupiter, 10, 100
distortion, image, 130: "rubber street, " 131
Dixon, William J., 208
Dodeck, H. H., 71
Doose, Lyn R., x, 80, 88
Doppler shift, 45: tracking data, 59
Drake, Frank, 183
Dyal, Palmer, 49
dynamics, atmospheric, 115, 118
Earth, 1, 5, 7-12, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 27, 29, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38, 42, 43, 45, 47, 56, 61, 69, 73, 74, 83, 85-88, 106, 111, 119
Earth's Moon, 1, 5, 7, 19, 21, 33, 111
electrical power, 22, 32, 44, 61, 62, 65, 82, 97
electrons, 14, 16, 21, 89, 103, 107, 111
ecliptic, 8
EMMY award, 74
encoder, convolutional, 43
encounter, trajectory, 29, 30, 67, 84, 85
effects, 78, 84
Enuma Elish, 1, 8
ethane, 11, 95
Europa, 6, 7, 59, 85, 101, 180
experiments, interplanetary, 47: Jovian system, 47; Saturnian system, 91

Feldman, William C., 50
Fillius, R. Walker, 53, 208
Fimmel, Richard O., 26, 80, 207, 218
firsts, by Pioneer 10, 71
flux tube, 111
Fjeldbo, Gunnar, 59
Foster, John V., x, 207
Fountain, John W., x
Frank, Louis A., 50

galactic cosmic rays, 96, 97
Galaxy, 45, 96, 97, 183, 184
Galilean satellite, 6, 7, 45, 85, 101, 112, 180
(see also names of satellites)
Galileo, Galilei, 6, 72
Ganymede, 6, 7, 59, 85, 101, 102, 111, 180
Gauss, 30
Gegenschein, 60, 67, 98, 99
Gehrels, Tom, x, 60, 208
Geiger tube telescope, 53
Geiger-Muller tubes, 53
general structure, Pioneer spacecraft, 42
gravity assist, 21, 29, 112
Great Red Spot (see Spot, Great Red)
Ground Data System (GDS), 38

Hades, 20, 85
Hall, Charles F., vii, 25, 62, 67, 72
Hameen-Anttila, Jyrki, 60
Hanner, Martha, 60
Harding, 30
hazards, 30
heat flux, Jovian, 115, 121
HELIOS, 71
heliosphere, 47, 49, 97
helium, 10, 52, 56, 57, 113
Hera, 85
Herschel, 30
Hestia, 85
Hoagland, R., 183
Hofstetter, Robert U., x, 26, 207
Holtzclaw, Ralph W., 26, 62, 66, 207
Hooke, Robert, 12
"hooks, " 152
Humes, Donald H., 55
Hummer, Robert F., 60
hydrogen, 10, 14, 16-18, 52, 56, 57 103, 113: metallic, 16, 113

image converter system, 75: correction, 131
images, Jupiter, quick rook, 74
imaging (see photopolarimeter): photopolarimetry experiment, 60, 187
infrared radiometry, 57, 58, 120
inner planets, 1, 14, 16
instrument turn-on, 65
interplanetary medium, 95, 98
particle experiment, 54, 83
interstellar message, 183
interstellar wind, 98
Intriligator, Devrie, 50
investigators, Pioneer science, 199
Io, 6, 7, 14, 49, 59, 62, 72, 74, 85, 101, 102, 103, 111, 180
ionosphere, 103, 122

Jaffe, Harold, 207
Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), 26, 29, 32-35, 183
Johnson, J. W., 26, 207
Jones, Douglas E., 49
Jovian: atmosphere, 13, 113, 114; environment, 29, 113; ionosphere, 122; magnetic field, 16, 47, 104; radiationbelts, 14, 21, 29, 32, 52, 89, 106; satellites, 6, 20, 26, 45, 83, 85, 101; system, 7, 34, 100, 104; temperatures 112, 114, 115, 120
Judge, Darrell L., 56, 208
Juno, 30
Jupiter, 1, 2, 5-8, 10, 12, 14 -17, 19 -21, 25, 27, 29, 30, 32, 34, 35, 38, 44, 45, 47, 49, 53, 57, 61, 62, 69-71, 73, 74, 82, 84, 89, 100, 104, 105, 112, 115
belts and zones, 11, 118, 119, 120, 143
Jupiter's satellites (see individual listings): densities, 101; discovery of, 7; masses, 101; pictures, 180; sizes, 7

Kaser, Eldon W., 207
Kendall, John, xi
KenKnight, Charles E., 60
Kennedy, John F., Space Center, 26, 33, 34, 62, 70, 183, 198
Kliore, Arvydas J., 59
Kinard, William H., 55, 208
Kirhofer, William E., 207
Kochendorfer, F. D., 25, 207
Kowal, Charles, 83
Kraemer, Robert, 78, 80

Lassen, Herbert A., 208
launch, accuracy, 65: delay, 64; speed, 65; vehicle, 26, 27, 39, 62, 64; windows, 29, 64, 70
Lepetich, Joseph, E., x, 26, 207
Lewis Research Center, 26, 32
life, possibilities on Jupiter, 18
limb, 130, 134, 140, 143, 166: flattening, 134
Lippershey, Hans, 5
Lust, Reimar, 50

McCracken, Kenneth G., 52
McDonald, Frank B., 52
Mcllwain, Carl E., 53
McKibbin, D. D., 50
magnetic field experiment, 49, 91: field, Jupiter, 73, 104, 105; field, spacecraft, 85
magnetometer, 50, 51
magnetopause, 72, 73, 103
magnetosheath, 104
magnetosphere, 52, 73, 85, 103, 104, 105, 108
management, Pioneer project, 197
Mariner 10, 29
Jupiter-Saturn Mission, 70, 74
Marius, Simon, 6
Mark, Hans, vi, 71
Mars, 1, 17, 21, 23, 25, 47, 49, 62, 67, 71, 95, 99
Martin, Norman J., x, 26, 207
Matthews, H. F., 25
Mercury, 1, 7-9, 19, 29, 30
meteoroids, 26, 99
meteorite detector, 56, 82, 83, 99
methane, 10, 12, 18
Mihalov, John, 50
Miller, Richard B., 26
mission hazards, 30: operations (see operations); overview, 27
modes, IPP, 188
modulation, 10-hr, 109, 111
moments, magnetic field, 106
Moon, 1, 5, 7, 19, 21, 33, 111
Morse code, 125
motion, retrograde, 9
Muckley, Edwin T., 207
Munch, Guido, 58, 202, 208

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 23, 25: Ames Research Center, 25, 26, 32-34, 74, 197; Communications Network (NASCOM), 35; Goddard Spaceflight Center, 26, 35; Kennedy Space Center, 26, 33, 34, 62, 70, 198; Lewis Research Center, 198; Pioneer Mission Operations Cente (PMOC), 33, 34, 38, 65
Natzic, Walter L., 26, 208
navigation, 45
Neptune, 1, 17
Neugebauer, Gerry, 58
Niber, 1
Norden, Rodney A., x
Nunamaker, Robert R., x, 26, 207
Null, George W., 58

O'Brien, B. J., 26, 80, 83, 208
observation charts, 129
occultation, 59, 89, 101, 115
O'Gallagher, Joseph J., 51
Olbers, 30
O'Neal, Robert L., 55
operations, mission, 33, 38, 65
oppositions, 8
optical system, photopolarimeter, 187
orientation spacecraft, 65
origin, Pioneer spacecraft, 184: Pioneer Saturn, 90
Pallas, 30
Palomar, 83
Pan, 20, 85
parameters, Jovian images, 189
particle detector, 52, 82, 98
particles from Jupiter, 104, 107, 108
particles, recirculation, 108, 110
payload, scientific, 45, 47
periapsis, 80, 184
phases of Jupiter, 29, 139, 161
photometry, ultraviolet, 56
photopolarimeter, imaging (IPP), 34, 47, 60, 67, 74, 78, 88, 98, 128, 187, 188
Piazzi, Giuseppe, 30
PICS, 74, 86
Pioneer, 11, 19, 20, 25: Pioneer F, (see also Pioneer 10), 22, 25, 27, 62, 65; Pioneer G (see also Pioneer 11), 22, 25, 27, 70, 74; Pioneer 6, 26, 69; Pioneer 7, 26, 69; Pioneer 8, 26, 69; Pioneer 9, 26, 69; Pioneer 10, 12, 29, 30, 32-35, 37, 42, 44, 47, 49, 51, 53, 57, 59, 62, 65-72, 74, 78, 80, 95, 100, 102, 108, 123, 181, 183, 184, 189; Pioneer 11, 19, 20, 25, 82, 84, 85, 88, 89, 94, 100, 107, 108, 111, 122, 123, 161, 181
Pioneer Encounter Planning Team, 38
Pioneer-Jupiter, 29, 32, 44, 45, 61, 67, 125
Team, 197
Pioneer Mission Operations Center (see NASA): mission hazards, 30; objectives, 19, 26; overview, 27; phases, 32; planning, 25, 32, 61; plaque, 183-186
Pioneer Saturn, 90
pixel, 189
planetary evolution, 14
inferiors, 15
planets, 2 (see also individual listings)
plaque, interstellar, 183
plasma analyzer, 51
plume, 120, 148
Pluto, 2, 80, 83
polarimetric, 60
pole, Jovian, 84, 90, 118, 126, 172
Poseidon, 20
pressures, Jovian, 113
primordial gas, 16
propulsion, spacecraft, 42
protons, 89, 107
pulsars, 184

Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs), 44, 61, 62, 65, 82, 97
radiation, 78, 84, 88: bends, 11; belts, 11, 14, 21, 29, 83, 89, 106, 107; decametric, 12-14, 47; decimetric, 12-14, 47, 52; thermal, 12, 13, 120
radiometry, infrared, 57, 120
radio noise, 12: causes of, 12-14, 47, 52
Roemer, Ole, 7
Rasool, S. Ichtiaque, 59
rectification, geometric, 130
red spots (see also spots), 115, 116, 150, 167, 171
Reiff, Glenn A., 25, 62
retrograde motion, 1, 9
rings, Saturn, 92, 100
Rock, B., 26
Roelof, Edmond C., 52

Sagan, Carl, 183
Sagan, Linda Salzman, 183
Saturn, 2, 17, 20, 30, 70, 82, 84, 90, 91, 92, 100, 184
satellites, Jupiter's (see separate listings): discovery of, 5, 7, 83, 85; Saturn's, 92
S-Band, 43
scan imaging, 125: maps, 127; sequences, 126
scattering regions, 69, 97
Schroeder, Gilbert A., x, 26
Schroter, 30
Seidel, Boris L., 59
sferics, 12
shape of Jupiter, 100
Sheehan, William F., 208
Shramo, D. J., 26
Siegmeth, A. J., 26, 207
Simpson, John A., 51
slingshot technique, 21, 29, 112
Smith, Edward J., 49
Smith, Peter H., xi
Soberman, Robert K., 54
sodium on Io, 102
solar: corona, 69, 95; flares, 68; system, 1, 14, 20, 23, 25, 61, 65, 69-72, 80, 97, 184, 186; wind, 14, 45, 69, 72, 73, 95, 96,; wind experiment, 50
Sonett, Charles P., 49
spacecraft, Pioneer 10 and 11, 39
(see also Pioneer) spin rate, 82
"spoke" commands, 127, 128
spots: Great Red, 12, 78, 85, 88, 90, 103, 107, 115, 117, 165, 171; red, 117, 167
staff, Pioneer project, 199
subsystems, spacecraft, 39
Sun, 1, 5, 7, 10, 12, 14, 16, 22, 27, 29, 42, 44, 45, 51, 52, 55, 56-58, 61, 65, 67-70, 95, 97, 98, 104
Swindell, W., 60, 218
Symposium, Goddard Memorial, Fifth, 25

Tablets of Creation, 1
Teegarden, Bonnard J., 52
telecommunications, 37
Teledyne Isotopes, 26
telemetry, digital, 38
telescope: cosmic ray, 52, 53, 55; Geiger tube, 53; Maksutov, 187; non-imaging, 54, 55; particle, 52
temperature, Jupiter, 14, 112, 113, 114, 115, 120: satellites, 101
thermal control, spacecraft, 43
thorium, 52
thruster, 42, 43
thunderstorms, 17, 120
time: Day Of Year (DOY), 140; Universal (UT), 140
Titan, 92, 94
tracking and data acquisition, 35
Trafton, Laurence M., 58
Trainor, James H., 52, 208
trajectory, 29, 32, 61, 92, 103
TRW Systems, 25, 26, 62, 80, 183, 198
Tomasko, Martin, 60
Turner, Richard E., 55
Tuzzalino, Anthony J., 51

ultraviolet photometry, 56, 58
universal "yardstick, " 184
Universities: Arizona, x, 49, 60; Brigham Young, 49; California Institute of Technology, 49; California, Los Angeles, 49; California, San Diego, 53; California, Southern, 50, 56; Chicago, 51; Cornell, 183; lowa, 50, 53; Maryland, 51; Max Planck Institute fur Physik und Astrophysik, 50; New Hampshire, 52; New York State, Albany, 60
Uranus, 2, 17, 20, 35, 71, 80

Van Allen, James A., 53, 208
Venus, 1, 8, 9, 16, 17, 29, 120
Vesta, 30
von Karman vortices, 119

Waller, Peter W., x
water vapor, 114
Watts, Louis A., 208
Webber, William R., 52
Weinberg, Jerry, 60
Westphal, James A., 120
Wilbur, Arthur C., 207
Wolfe, John H., x, 26, 50, 69, 73

zodiac, 1, 67
Zodiacal Light, 26, 60, 66, 67, 98, 99
zones of Jupiter, 11, 118, 119, 120, 143
Zook, Herbert A., 54