Chapter 1 - Launch vehicles: pages 3-50.

Chapter 2 - Manned spaceflight: pages 53-124.

Chapter 3 - Space science: pages: 127-231.

Chapter 4 - Space Applications: pages: 235-345.

Chapter 5 - Aeronautics and Space Research: pages: 349-381.

Chapter 6 - Tracking and Data Acquisition: pages: 385-428.

A

Able, 21, 31

Adams, Kenneth A., 293, 298

Advanced Research Projects Agency, 266, 267, 389

Aerojet-General Corporation, 43 n, 48, 49

Aerojet Liquid Rocket Company, 121

aeronautics and space research, 347-81;

budget, 353-60;

management, 350-53;

programs, 359-81

Aeronutronic Ford Corporation, 268, 299, 301-2

Aeros 1, 2, 30, 179, 181, 182

Aerospace Corporation, 173, 200

Agena, 6, 14, 15, 21, 31, 41, 133, 149

Aggson, T. L., 327, 330

Agriculture, U. S. Department of, 335-38

Agnew, Spiro T., 127 n, 236 n

Aiken, William S., Jr., 352-53, 361

Air Force, U. S. Department of the, 4, 21, 22, 23, 25, 28, 31-33, 37-42, 80 n, 81, 97, 98, 100, 200, 267, 287, 290, 298, 312-14, 316, 338, 362, 364-69, 373, 381, 385, 404, 407, 424;

Cambridge Research Laboratories, 161 173, 196;

Space and Missile Systems Organization, 38, 42,

Aldrin, Edwin E., Jr., 53, 74, 81, 85

Alleghany Ballistics Laboratory, 29

Allen, Richard J., 58, 59

Allenby, R. J., 58, 59

Aller, Robert 0., 7, 58-60

Alouette, 152

American Airlines, 121

American Science and Engineering, Inc., 154, 167

American Telephone and Telegraph Company, 26, 293

Ames, Milton B., Jr., 351, 361

Ames Research Center, 130, 202, 219, 221-25, 230-31, 239, 331, 335, 339, 351, 361, 364, 369-74, 379

Ancremanne, Marcel J., 131

Anik 1, 35, 290;

Anik 2, 35, 290, 291;

Anik 3, 36, 37, 162, 290, 291;

Anik 4, 37, 290, 292

Anders, William A., 85

Anderson, George M., 59

Andrews, Edward P., 59, 60

Andrus, A. M. Greg, 240-242, 289-90

ANS, 179;

ANS 1, 30, 181, 183

Antares, 21

Apollo:

budget, 14, 17, 18, 61, 67, 71-72;

crew, 3, 53, 54, 73, 74, 77, 78-91, 94, 98, 99, 104, 108, 371, 373;

experiments, 93, 377;

missions, 13, 74, 93, 94, 99, 127, 230, 370, 388, 401, 402, 413, 415, 417, 420, 422, 423;

program, 3, 59, 79 8, 20, 279 53-57, 59, 73, 80, 81-94, 337, 404;

spacecraft, 26, 54, 73, 75-78, 78, 97, 98, 100, 101, 108, 109, 111-112, 114;

Apollo 8, 26, 73, 388;

Apollo 9, 26, 28, 54, 74, 77, 81, 83, 334;

Apollo 10, 26, 289 54, 749 81, 84;

Apollo 11, 26, 28, 53, 74, 80, 81, 85, 93, 108, 401;

Apollo 12, 28, 54, 74, 82, 86, 377, 401;

Apollo 13, 26, 28, 549 78, 82, 87, 401;

Apollo 14, 28, 54, 78, 82, 88, 401;

Apollo 15, 28, 54, 78, 79, 79, 82, 89-90, 229, 230, 401;

Apollo 16, 28, 54, 78, 80, 82, 90-91, 229, 230, 405;

Apollo 17, 28, 54, 78, 80, 82, 91-92, 403, 405;

Apollo 20, 81, 82;

"Apollo X," 97

Apollo Applications, 26, 55, 57, 63, 64, 94, 98, 99, 100, 334

Apollo Range Instrumentation

Aircraft, 404-6, 404, 423

Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, 3, 14, 17, 27, 28, 81, 108-13, 110-11, 327, 329, 405, 406, 414;

budget, 61, 65-67;

crew, 109, 111-12;

experiments, 113;

program, 55-56, 59, 73;

spacecraft, 109;

working groups, 109

Apollo Telescope Mount, 94, 95, 96, 98-101, 103, 165 n. See also Skylab

Applications Technology Satellites

(ATS), 23, 39, 429 237-39, 245, 255, 256, 275, 289, 325-30, 328-29, 331, 333, 421;

ATS 1-4, 256, 287, 325;

ATS 5, 24, 25, 256, 325-26, 326, 328-30;

ATS 6, 38, 39, 419 42, 238, 255, 256, 325-279, 327, 328-309 342;

ATS A-D, 325;

ATS E, 325, 330;

ATS F, 42, 255-57, 325, 326 n, 328-30;

ATS G, 39, 42, 325, 326 n, 328-29;

ATS H-I, 329

Ariane, 299, 302

Ariel 4, 5, 30, 179, 181, 184, 185

Arizona, University of, 222, 223, 225, 228

Armstrong, Neil A., 53, 74, 81, 85 351,379

Armstrong, William 0., 57, 58, 60

Army Ballistic Missile Agency, 97, 152, 267

Army, U. S. Department of the, 128, 152, 240, 283, 342, 344, 373, 381, 385

Arnold Engineering Development Center, 369

Ashworth, C. Dixon, 131, 171, 175

Atlas, 5, 16, 20-22, 25, 26, 149, 207;

Atlas F, 3n, 6, 7, 14, 15, 20-22, 60, 267, 273, 344

Atlas-Agena, 327

Atlas-Centaur, 3, 4, 4, 6, 7, 21-23, 25, 26, 38, 60, 165, 166, 168-72, 210-12, 219, 222-25, 289, 293, 294, 298, 299, 301, 302, 305-11, 327, 330, 425

Atomic Energy Commission, 155, 283, 374, 376, 377

Azur (GRS-1), 30, 179, 181, 186

B

Ball Brothers Research Corporation, 98, 168, 172, 174-77

Bandeen, William R., 280, 286, 289

Barrett, Paul F., 242

Bass, Abram S., 57, 58

Bauer, Siegfried J., 182

Bavely, James C., 389, 390

Bean, Alan L., 82, 83, 86, 94 n, 101, 105, 111

Beattie, Donald A., 353

Beckman Instruments, 282

Beggs, James M., 351

Behring, W. E., 177

Bekey, Ivan, 60

Bell Aerospace, 32

Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., 154

Bendix Corporation, 167, 336, 338, 343, 404, 405 n, 406

Bergen, University of (Norway), 187

Biosatellite, 33, 128, 133, 146, 230-31, 416;

Biosatellite 1, 230;

Biosatellite 2, 230;

Biosatelfite 3, 35, 129, 230, 231

Bernier, Robert E., 242

Berry, Charles A., 58

Birmingham, University of (U.K.), 184

Bishop, William P., 243

Bluford, Guion S., 80 n

Bobko, Karol J., 80 n

Bobkov, Valentin N., 109

Boeing Aerospace Company, 345

Boeing Company, 26, 27, 43 n, 48, 82, 97-99, 114 n, 121-23, 206, 209, 216

Bogart, Frank A., 57

Boggess, Albert, 197

Bologna, University of, 177

Bonn, University of, 225

Boreas. See European Space Research Organization

Branchflower, Gilbert A., 267, 273

Brand, Vance D., 85, 105, 109, 111, 112

Brandenstein, Daniel C., 80 n

Bredt, James H., 242

British Aircraft Corporation, 184, 185, 189, 301

Broadcast Satellite - Experimental (BSE), 37, 290, 292

Brockett, H. R., 389, 390

Broome, Douglas R., 243, 280

Browning, Ronald K., 187, 280, 286, 337, 341

Brunk, W., 130

Bryant, Frederick B., 389, 390

Buchh, James F., 80 n

Budget, U. S. Bureau of the, 9-11, 336-38

Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Wissenschaft (BMBW), 182, 186, 190

Burke, Joseph R., 240-42, 327

Bushuyev, Konstantin D., 109

Butler, Paul, 154, 155, 158

Byerly, T. C., 336 n

C

Calgary University of, 197

California Institute of Technology, 128, 158, 160, 166, 169, 170, 173, 195, 210-212, 222

California, University of, 195;

at Berkeley, 154, 155, 210, 229;

at Los Angeles, 173, 193, 194, 224, 229;

at San Diego, 166, 169, 179, 222, 223

Calio, Anthony J., 131, 239, 241, 243

Cameo, 37, 181, 187

Canada, 123, 181, 196, 238, 290, 294, 315, 372;

Communications Research Centre of, 197, 294, 297;

Defense Research Board of, 196;

Department of Communications of, 196, 289, 294, 297;

Department of Industry, Trade, and Commerce of, 381

Canady, J. E., Jr., 164

Canberra, Australia, 388, 388 n, 402, 405, 407, 410, 414, 415, 425

Caporale, Anthony J., 199

Carnegie Institute, 410

Carr, Gerald P., 94 n, 101, 105

Carruthers, John R., 239, 242

Carter, Jimmy, 127, 236

Casani, John R., 226, 228

CA Victor Co. (Canada), 196

Centaur, 6, 14, 16, 20-22, 25, 38, 40-42, 133, 149, 206, 207, 209, 211,

Cepe (Cylindrical Electrostatic Probe Experiment), 35, 270

Cernen, Eugene A., 80-82, 84, 88, 91

Cervenka, Adolph J., 242, 243, 295

Cherry, George W., 352

Chicago, University of, 154, 155, 158, 160, 195, 212, 222, 223

Christensen, Albert T., 241

Chrysler Corporation, 27, 48, 114 n, 121, 123

Clemente, Joseph M., 58

Coats, Michael L., 80 n

Coffee, C. W., 162

Cohen, Haggai, 57, 60

Colin, L., 221, 224, 225

Collins, Michael, 53, 74, 81, 85

Colorado, University of, 161, 173, 175, 177, 179, 210, 211, 228

Columbia University, 166, 178

Commerce, U. S. Department of, 275, 287, 336 n, 337, 342

comets: Giacobini-Zinner, 195;

Halley's, 195;

Kohoutek, 96, 102

Communications Satellite Corporation, 25, 26, 290, 293, 294, 298, 302-12

Communications Technology Satellite (CTS),

U. S. - Canadian, 238-40, 245, 255-58, 289, 294-97, 295-96, 372;

CTS 1, 36, 289, 290, 297

COMSAT, 236

Comstar, 23; Comstar 1, 2, 3, 24, 26, 290, 293, 294

Congress, U.S., 8, 8 n, 9, 11, 25, 26, 38, 53, 94, 121, 127, 137, 138, 165, 168, 175, 176, 202, 209, 213, 216, 235-37, 239, 244, 281, 298, 329, 336, 339, 340, 349, 350, 370, 376, 401, 406, 419, 424, 425. See also House of Representatives, U.S., and Senate, U.S.

Conrad, Charles, Jr., 82, 83, 86, 94 n, 101, 104

Consolidated Vultee Aircraft

Corporation, 21

Control Data Corporation, 168

Cooper, L. Gordon, 84

Cooter, Kathleen J., 243

Copernicus. See Orbiting Astronomical Observatories

CS (Sakura), 36, 290, 294

Costantino, James, 57

Cotton, Paul E., 351, 352

Covey, Richard 0., 80 n

Creighton, John 0., 80 n

Crippen, Robert L., 80 n

Culbertson, Philip E., 55, 57-59

Cunningham, N. William, 130, 206, 217

D

Dallow, Thomas P., 130, 231

Dana, William H., 363, 365-68

Daniels, Richard L., 130, 131, 241

Dankhoff, Walter, 352

Darcey, Robert J., 327, 330

Dartmouth College, 173

Day, LeRoy E., 57-60

Deep Space Network, 207, 214, 221, 226, 388-92, 395, 397, 401, 402, 406, 407, 410, 411-12, 414-23

Defense, U.S. Department of, 26, 37, 41, 42, 48, 80, 97-100, 102, 121, 127, 287, 290, 312-14, 342, 373, 381, 387, 387 n, 388, 401, 406 n, 413, 415, 417, 419, 421, 422

Delta, 3 n, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 16, 31, 33, 37, 60, 133, 149, 153, 175, 267, 271-73, 286, 289, 294, 312-16, 318-21, 344;

Delta C, 177;

Delta E, 154, 155, 158, 197, 269;

Delta N, 177, 178, 201, 269, 270;

Delta Standard Vehicle 3E, 196;

Delta 1604, 160;

Delta 1900, 161;

Delta 1910, 178;

Delta 1913, 159;

Delta 2910, 163, 187, 280, 284-86, 288, 341;

Delta 2914, 189, 275, 277-79, 288, 290-292, 294, 297, 311-14, 317, 321, 322, 324, 325, 425

Dement, Donald K., 239, 242

DeMeritte, Frederick J., 352, 353, 361

Denmark, 189, 191;

Space Research Institute of, 170

DeNoyer, John M., 130, 239, 2419 242, 331, 336

Denver, University of, 155

Deutsch, George D., 352, 353, 360

Dietz, R. H., 109

Diller, Dick S., 242, 243

Disher, John H., 55-58, 60, 98

Donlan, Charles J., 57-59, 114

Donoughe, Patrick L., 295

Dornier Systems, 180, 182, 194

Douglas Aircraft Company, 26, 27, 31, 97, 98, 404

Dryden Flight Research Center, 49, 123, 407

Dryden, Hugh L., 97

Dual Air Density Satellite, 30

Dubin, M., 131

Dubridge, Lee A., 127 n, 236 n

Dudley Observatory, 222

Duke, Charles M., Jr., 82, 87, 90, 91

Durocher, Norman L., 241, 242, 266

Dwornik, E., 130

Dyna Soar, 97

E

Eaker, Herbert L., 184, 185, 187

Earth Resources Experiments Package (EREP), 331, 334-35, 338-39

Earth Resources Observation Satellite (EROS), 335-37

Earth Resources Survey Program (ERSP), 337-38

Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS), 245-47, 282, 331, 335-39, 341, 405, 406 (see also Landsat);

ERTS 1, 35, 336, 339, 340

Eastern Test Range, 22, 41, 83-91, 103-5, 109, 111, 155, 158-60, 163, 168-71, 173, 177, 178, 190, 191, 193, 195, 197, 200, 201, 210-12, 218, 222-25, 228, 229, 231, 239, 269, 275, 277-79, 288, 290-94, 297, 298, 302-14, 316-22, 324, 325, 330, 401, 406, 416

Eaton, Elbert L., 389, 390

Eaton, Peter T., 6, 7, 33, 60

Edwards Air Force Base,116, 117, 123, 362, 389, 407

Edwards, John E., 57

Edwards, L. K., 60

Ehrlich, Eugene, 240-42

Eisele, Donn F., 84

Electronics Research Center, 370, 371

Enevoldson, Einar, 364, 368

Engines Matra (France), 201

Engle, Joe H., 88, 116, 118

English, Ronald D., 29

Environmental Sciences Services Administration (ESSA), 237, 266, 267, 274, 275, 279, 337, 338, 414;

ESSA 1-9, 333;

ESSA 1, 266;

ESSA 7, 269;

ESSA 9, 35, 237, 266-69

Eole, 30, 280, 286, 289

Ernst, Herb, 241

European Space Agency, 4, 116, 179-81, 189, 193, 197, 286, 288, 290, 316

European Space Research Organization (ESRO), 116, 179, 181, 187-89, 191, 201;

ESRO (spacecraft), 152, 181, 187;

ESRO IB (Boreas), 30, 187;

ESRO 4, 30, 179, 18 1, 188

Evans, Albert J., 351-53, 379

Evans, Ronald E.,82, 88, 91, 111

Evans, Wyendell B., 57, 59

Expendable Launch Vehicles Program, 56, 60, 73. See also launch vehicles.

Explorer: program, 128, 133, 134, 152, 168, 179;

satellites, 28, 33, 108, 128, 129, 151, 152-64, 165 n, 180;

Explorer 1, 152;

Explorer 11, 164;

Explorer 29, 36, 342;

Explorer 41, 35, 153, 154;

Explorer 42 (Uhuru), 30, 153, 154, 164;

Explorer 44, 153, 156, 200, 201;

Explorer 45, 30, 152, 153, 157;

Explorer 46, 30, 31, 153, 157;

Explorer 47, 35, 37, 153, 158;

Explorer 48, 30, 153, 158, 164;

Explorer 49, 35, 153, 159;

Explorer 50, 35, 153, 160;

Explorer 51, 35, 152, 153, 161, 163;

Explorer 52, 29, 30, 31, 152, 153, 162;

Explorer 53, 30, 153, 162, 164;

Explorer 54, 55, 36, 152, 153, 163;

Explorer 56 and 57, 164

F

Fabian, John M., 80 n

Fairchild Industries, Inc., 123, 301, 326, 328-30

Faraday Laboratories, 173

Federal Aviation Administration, 102

Federal Communications Commission, 301

Federal Home Loan Bank Board, 11 n

Federal Preparedness Agency, 102

Federal Trade Commission, 11 n

Fellows, R., 130

Fero, Lester K., 58

Fichtel, Carl E., 154, 158, 162

Fiebelkorn, John A., 242

Field, J. Pemble, Jr., 57, 58

Finley, Charles J., 242

Fischer, John C., Jr., 97

Fischetti, Thomas L., 131, 2419 243

Fisher, Anna L., 80 n

Fletcher, James C., 129, 239, 339, 424

Flinn, Edward A., 131

FItsatcom, 23, 24, 26, 289, 290, 298

Flight Research Center, 350, 351 361-64, 369, 372, 379

Fong, Louis B. C., 240-41

Ford Aerospace and Communications, 294, 405

Ford, Gerald R., 8, 339

Fordyce, Don V., 274, 277

Fordyce, Samuel W., 241-42, 290

Fox, Leo, 352, 373

France, 4, 189, 191, 268, 280, 286, 321, 322;

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 175, 178;

Centre d'Etudes; Nucleaires, 170, 201;

Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 268, 286, 289

Frank, M. Pete, 109

Franta, Allen L., 186

Freden, Stanley C., 337, 341

Freitag, Robert F., 57, 58, 60

Friebaum, Jerome, 240-42

Frosch, Robert A., 31, 336 n

Frustace, Philip, 292

Fullerton, Charles G., 80 n, 116, 118

G

Gabriel, David S., 352, 374

Gagarin, Yuri, 108

Galileo (program), 133, 143

Garbacz, Michael L., 240, 241, 243, 266, 267, 275

Gardner, Dale A., 80 n

Gardner, William H., 352

Gardner, W. N., 352

Garriot, Owen K., 94 n, 101, 105

Gay, Clarence C., Jr., 58, 59

Gemini (program), 20, 53, 61, 74, 239, 331, 334, 388, 405

General Accounting Office, U.S., 49, 122, 329, 340

General Dynamics, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 43 n, 48, 114, 121, 409;

Convair Aerospace Division, 21, 22, 23, 40, 42, 48, 123, 168;

Rocketdyne Division, 114, 121, 122, 123

General Electric Company, 41, 122, 216, 222, 223, 231, 280-86, 292, 328-30, 336, 338-41, 424;

Space Systems Organization, 167

General Services Administration, U.S., 11 n

Gentry, Jerauld, R., 363-66

Geodynamics Experimental Ocean Satellite (GEOS), 36, 238, 239, 245, 259, 260, 261, 342, 343;

GEOS 1, 181, 189, 260;

GEOS 2, 37, 181, 189, 260;

GEOS 3, 36, 259, 406

Geological Survey, U.S., 211, 335, 337, 338

George, Theodore, E., 240, 241

Geostationary Meteorology Satellite (GMS), 36, 286, 287 n, 288

Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES), 250, 274, 275;

GOES 1, 2, 3, 36, 237, 274, 275, 278, 287 n, 333

Germany, Federal Republic of, 4, 181, 182, 186, 188-91, 290, 321, 322

Giberson, Walker E., 212, 344

Gibson, Edward G., 94 n, 101, 105

Gibson, Robert L., 80 n

Gillam, Isaac T., IV, 6, 33

Gilruth, Robert R., 100

Ginter, R. D., 351, 352

Glahn, Carl W., 130, 206

Glaser, Harold, 131

Glaser, N., 131

Glenn, John J., Jr., 53, 108

Global Air Sampling Program (GASP), 380

Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP), 238, 245, 252, 266, 273, 275, 285, 287, 288

Goddard, Robert, 170

Goddard Space Flight Center, 32, 33, 128, 130, 152-55, 157-63, 165 n, 166, 167, 169, 171, 172, 173, 175, 176-80, 180, 182-87, 189-201, 211, 212, 219, 222-25, 228, 239, 267-70, 273-75, 277-82, 288, 289-92, 294, 295, 297, 312-14, 317-30, 336-41, 343, 345, 371, 386, 387 n, 390, 405-7, 410, 416, 419, 424, 425;

Image Processing Facility, 405, 407;

Network Test and Training Facility, 386 n, 387, 405, 414, 420

Goedeke, Donald, 242

Goff, Loyal G., 130

Goldberg, W. G., Jr., 243

Goldsby, William D., 7, 60

Goldstone, California, 388, 388 n, 389, 402, 405-7, 410, 413, 414, 417, 425

Goodyear Aerospace Corporation, 328, 340

Goozh, Paul E., 6, 7, 29, 60

Gordon, Richard F., Jr., 82, 83, 86, 89

Gorman, Harry H., 57, 58

Goss, Robert J., 191, 201, 288, 290-92, 294, 312-14, 317-25

Green, William D., Jr., 99

Greenwood, Lawrence R., 131, 239, 243

Gregory, Frederick D., 80 n

Griffin, Gerald D., 60

Griggs, Stanley D., 80 n

Grimes, David W., 163

Grumman Aerospace Corporation, 43 n, 48, 114, 114 n, 121-23, 165, 167, 170-72

Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation, 77, 98

GTE Satellite Corporation, 293

H

Habib, Edmund, 242

Hage, George H., 57

Hagner, Donald R., 57, 59

Haise, Fred W., Jr., 82, 85, 87, 90, 116, 118

Haley, Richard I., 240, 280

Hall, Benny B., 130

Hall, Charles F., 221, 222, 224, 225

Hall, Eldon W., 57, 58

Hall, L., 130

Halpern, R. E., 166

Hamon, William J., 59

Hanes, Thomas E., 55, 58, 59

Harkleroad, Edgar L., 60

Harper, Charles W., 351, 379

Harrington, James C., 60

Harris Inc.: Electronic Systems Division, 425;

Radiation Systems Division, 167

Harris, Thomas E., 57

Hart, Terry J., 80 n

Hartzfield, Henry W., 80 n

Harvard College Observatory, 161, 177

Hauck, Frederick H., 80 n

Haughey, Joseph W., 6

Hawersaat, William H., 295

Hawker-Siddeley Dynamics, Ltd., 188, 198, 316

Hawley, Steven A., 80 n

Hayes, William, 352, 353

Hearth, Donald P., 129, 202, 206

Heat Capacity Mapping Mission (HCMM), 30, 181, 245, 262, 333, 342-43, 345

Helios, 141; Helios 1, 38, 40-42P 179, 181, 190, 191;

Helios 2, 38, 40-42, 179, 181, 191

Heppner, James P., 187

Hercules Powder Co., 29

Hess, Norman F., 160

Hibbard, Richard T., 241-42

Hickam Air Force Base, 231

High Energy Astronomy Observatories (HEAO), 23, 128, 129, 133, 135, 136, 152, 164-69, 166,

HEAO-A, B, C, 165, 166, 167, 168;

HEAO 1, 24, 26, 166, 168-70;

HEA0 2, 24, 26, 379 166, 168, 1690;

HEAO 3, 166, 168, 170

Highly Eccentric Orbiting Satellite (HEOS), 35, 181, 191

Himawari. See Geostationary Meteorology Satellite

Himmel, Seymour C., 352

Hinners, Noel W., 6, 129, 131

Hoag, Peter C., 363, 365, 366

Hodge, Kenneth E., 352, 353

Hoffman, Jeffrey A., 80 n

Hoffman, Robert, 157

Holcomb, John K., 57, 59

Holloway, Bruce K., 351

Holloway, Paul F., 352

Holt, Steven S., 169, 185

Holtz, J., 131

House of Representatives, U.S.,

Committee on Science and Astronautics, 41, 331;

Committee on Science and Technology, 340, 379. See also Congress, U.S.

Houston, Texas, 56, 78, 109, 114, 387

Hovell, Ronald C., 59

Howard, Brian T., 57

Hubbard, Samuel H., 241, 242, 290

Hughes Aircraft Company, 167, 175, 176, 178, 275, 288, 290, 291, 293, 294, 298, 301, 302, 306-12, 317, 324, 325, 330, 338, 424, 425

Humphreys, James W., 57, 58

Hunter, Charles M., 269

Huntsville, Alabama, 26, 44, 56, 165, 167

Hyatt, Abraham, 97

Hymowitz, Emil, 183

I

IBM Corporation, 123 Imperial College, London, 185, 195

Improved Tiros Operational System (ITOS), 250, 267, 268;

Itos 1, 35, 269, 314, 333 (see also Tiros M);

Itos A, 270 (see also NOAA 1);

Itos B, 35, 268, 270 (see also NOAA 2);

Itos D, 271 (see also NOAA 2);

Itos E, 35, 268, 271. (see also NOAA 3);

Itos F, 272 (see also NOAA 3);

Itos G, 272 (see also NOAA 4);

Itos H, 273 (see also NOAA 5)

Indonesia, 4, 290, 317

Inscho Mechanical Contractors, 168

Instituto Nacional de Technical Aerospacial Satellite (INTASAT), 181, 192

International Telecommunications Satellite Consortium (Intelsat), 4, 23, 236, 238, 289, 290, 298-311, 300;

Intelsat I-III, 298;

Intelsat IV, 298, 299, 301;

Intelsat IV, IVA, V, 299, 301-2;

Intelsat IV 174-17-8, 23-25, 290, 301, 305-9;

Intelsat IVA F-1 F-6, 24, 25, 290, 299, 301, 309-11

Interior, U.S. Department of, 238, 335-37, 339, 373

International Council of Scientific Unions, 287

International Satellite for Ionospheric Studies (ISIS): ISIS 1 and 2, 35, 179, 181, 196-97

International Sun-Earth Explorer (ISEE), 180; ISEE 1, 2, 3, 36, 180, 181, 193-95

International Telecommunications Union, 386

International Telephone and Telegraph Co., 268

International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE), 179, 180; IUE 1, 179, 181, 197-98

Iowa, University of, 153-55, 157, 158, 160, 162, 184, 190, 193, 194, 222, 223

Irwin, James B., 79, 82, 86, 89

Italy, 4, 181, 189, 191, 199, 290, 319

J

 

Jackson, John E., 196, 197

Jackson, Roy P., 351

Jacobs, G., 130

Jaffe, Leonard, 130, 238-43, 334, 336, 336 n

Jakobowski, Walter, 214

Japan, 4, 286, 287, 290, 294;

National Space Development Agency of, 288, 292, 294

Jenkel, Albert A., 241, 242

Jenkins, D., 130

Jenkins, Thomas E., 57

Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 41, 128, 130, 170, 173, 191, 195, 202, 203, 206, 207, 209-14, 216-189 221-26, 228, 229, 239, 301, 342, 344, 371, 385, 388-90, 413

Johannesburg, South Africa, 386 n, 405-7, 410, 414, 419

Johns Hopkins University, The, 200;

Applied Physics Laboratory, 153-55, 158, 160-62, 228, 322-24, 343

Johnson, Charles W., 343

Johnson, Harry W., 352, 353

Johnson, Lyndon B., 8, 98, 213, 216

Johnson, Rodney W., 58-60

Johnson, Roy P., 378

Johnson Space Center, 56, 101, 115, 123, 229, 230, 239, 329, 331, 335, 337, 339

Johnson, U. Alexis, 127 n, 236 n

Johnson, Vincent L., 130, 131, 240, 241

Johnston, Bradford, 239, 241

Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, 176

Jones, David M., 98, 99

Jones, J. Lloyd, 351, 352, 379

Jones, Sidney C., Jr., 60

Jones, Walton J., 351, 352, 373

Jones, William W., 267, 269, 270

K

Kayten, Gerald G., 352, 353

Keldysh, Mstislav V., 108

Kelleher, John J., 240, 241

Keller, Samuel W., 239, 243

Kelly, John J., 59

Kennedy, John F., 8, 53, 235, 286

Kennedy Space Center, 37, 42, 49, 56, 74, 81, 94, 98, 101, 117, 121-24, 207, 214, 217, 221, 226, 239, 327;

Launch Complex 39A, 74, 83, 85, 86-90, 103;

Launch Complex 39B, 84, 101,102, 104, 105, 111

Kerwin, Joseph P., 94 n, 101, 104

Kilgore, Edwin C., 351, 352

Kimball, Harold G., 389, 390

Kinard, William H., 157

King, Charles H., Jr., 57, 60

King, James, Jr., 59, 131

King, Jan, 189

Kiruna Geophysical Observatory, 187

Kitt Peak National Observatory, 212, 228

Klein, Milton, 351, 352 374

Kleinberg, John M., 353

Kleinknecht, Kenneth S., 100

Kochendorfer, Fred D., 221

Kosygin, Aleksey N., 108

Kraemer, Robert S., 129-31, 202, 206

Kramer, James J., 351-53, 361, 378, 379

Kramer, Melton S., 242

Kubasov, Valeriy N., 1099 112

Kubart, Jerald R., 57

Kunec, Edward J., 6, 7, 60

Kupperian, J. R., Jr., 171, 172

Kurzhals, Peter R., 352, 353, 372

Kurzweg, Hermann H., 351, 352, 360

L

Lageos (Laser Geodynamics Satellite), 36, 238, 239, 245, 259-61, 342, 343, 406

Lam, B. C., 6, 7, 60

Land, E. W., 60

Landsat, 33, 238, 239, 245-47, 331, 335-40, 406;

Landsat 1, 37, 333, 336, 337, 339, 340;

Landsat 2, 36, 333, 336, 337, 339-41;

Landsat 3, 37, 315, 333, 336, 337, 340, 341;

Landsat C, 340;

Landsat D, 246,

Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory, 389;

Pilotless Aircraft Research Division, 29, 387,

Langley Research Center, 28, 29, 31, 97, 98, 121, 128, 130, 157, 162, 164, 188, 198, 202, 213, 214, 216, 218, 222, 223, 239, 293, 294, 298, 351, 361, 363, 371-73, 379, 380, 387, 387 n

LaRock, Ralph E., 353

launch vehicles, 1-50, 56;

budget, 4, 8-19;

characteristics, 4, 20-50;

expendable, 3, 5, 7, 20, 54, 61, 62;

program management, 5-7, 128, 129;

reusable, 3, 5, 7, 8, 20, 22, 38, 42, 43, 54, 61, 114

Lavrov, Ilya V., 109

Lawrence, Frank, 189

Lazar, James, 353, 374

Lea, Wasyl M., Jr., 242

Lederer, Jerome F., 57

Lee, Chester M., 55-57, 59, 60

Lee, W. H., 156

Legostayev, Viktor P., 109

Lehmann, Jules, 240-42

Leicester, University of, 185

Lenoir, William E., 105

Leonov, Alexei A., 109, 112

Lewis Research Center, 22, 23, 25, 31, 38-40, 42, 97, 168, 239, 295, 297, 329, 351, 374-76, 380, 381

Liccardi, Anthony L., 59

Liege, University of, 201

Limberis, William R., 160

Lind, Don L., 105

Lindley, Robert N., 58

Ling Temco Vought Aerospace Corporation, 28, 29, 31

Lockheed:

- California Company, 97, 98;

Electronics Company, 340;

- Georgia, 380;

Missiles and Space Company, 25, 31, 32, 43 n, 48, 114, 114 n, 121, 122, 167, 178, 193, 301-2, 328, 342, 344, 424;

Propulsion Company, 43 n, 48, 49

Lohman, Robert L., 57-60

London, University College of, 171, 172, 177, 185, 187

Long, James E., 226, 228

Longanecker, Gerald W., 157, 197

Lord, Douglas R., 55-58, 60

Loria, John C., 352

Los Alamos Scientific Laboratories, 158, 160, 177, 193, 195,200

Lousma, Jack R., 94 n, 101, 105, 111

Love, Michael V., 364, 367, 368

Lovejoy, William L., 6

Lovelace, Alan M., 351, 352, 378

Lovell, James A., Jr., 82, 85, 87

Low, George M., 99, 274, 335, 339

Lucas, Thomas V., 389, 390

Lucid, Shannon W., 80 n

Lundholm, Joseph G., 98

Lundin, Bruce T., 351

Lunney, Glynn S., 59, 109

Lyman, Gene E., 352, 353, 373

M

McBride, Jon A., 80 n

McCandless, Bruce, 104

McCandless, S. Walter, Jr., 242, 243

McCeney, Paul J., 327

McConnell, Dudley, 241, 243

McDivitt, James A., 81, 83

McDonald, Frank B., 154, 155, 169

McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Corporation, 23, 31-33, 37, 43 n, 47-49, 94, 98-101, 114, 121-23, 173, 216

McGolrick, Joseph E., 6, 7, 60

McMurtry, Thomas, 364, 368

McNair, Ronald E., 80 n

McTigue, John, 363, 364

Madden, Jeremiah J., 193-95

Madrid, Spain, 180, 180, 388, 388 n, 389, 402, 405-7, 410, 414, 419, 420, 425

Maggin, Bernard, 352

Mahon, Joseph B., 5-7, 56, 60, 129-31

Malagasay Republic, 405, 406, 406 n, 421

Malkin, Myron S., 55, 56, 59, 60, 114

Mancini, Armondo, 241

Mandeville, Robert L., 240, 241

Manke, John A., 363-68

Manned Orbiting Laboratory, 80, 80 n, 93, 97, 98, 100

Manned Spacecraft Center, 56, 94, 97-101, 114, 115, 121, 122, 239, 337, 338, 371, 373, 387

manned spaceflight, 3, 8, 13, 20-22, 26, 51-124;

budget, 61-73;

characteristics of, 73-124;

program management, 55-60

Manned Spaceflight Network (MSFN), 387, 388, 391-94, 396, 397, 401-6, 414, 415-23

Mannheimer, Harry, 242, 243, 280, 327, 336, 337

Manville, Robert W., 6, 32

Maran, Stephen P., 177, 178

Marconi Space and Defense Systems, Ltd., 320, 321

Marine Corps, U.S., 80 n

Mariner, 23, 41, 128, 129, 133, 141, 202-13, 226;

Mariner 2, 4, 5, 202;

Mariner 6, 7, 24, 25, 203, 206, 207, 210, 407;

Mariner 8, 24, 25, 211;

Mariner 9, 24, 25, 203, 206, 209, 211, 404;

Mariner 10, 23-5, 203, 206, 209, 212, 371, 404;

Mariner F-I, 206, 207, 209, 211

Mariner Jupiter/Saturn 1977, 142

Mariner Mars 1969, 141, 202, 203, 204, 206, 207, 210

Mariner Mars 1971, 141, 202, 205, 206, 207, 209, 211

Mariner Mercury-Venus 1973, 202, 203, 206, 208, 209, 212, 212

Marisat 1-3, 36, 290, 311, 312

Marshall Space Flight Center, 25-27, 44, 48, 49, 56, 81, 82, 94, 97-103, 116, 118 n, 121, 122, 124, 152, 165, 165 n, 166-70, 239, 342, 343, 371

Marsten, Richard B., 130, 239, 241-42, 289

Martin Company, 38, 362

Martin, James S., Jr., 214, 216, 218

Martin Marietta Corporation, 38-42, 43 n, 47-49, 98-100, 114, 114 n, 121, 123, 213, 216, 217, 364, 369

Maryland, University of, 154, 155, 158, 160

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 158, 160, 162, 166, 169, 178, 200, 212, 224, 225, 228

Mathews, Charles W., 57, 58, 98, 239, 241, 242

Mattingly, Thomas K., 11, 82, 90

Mattson, Roger A., 6, 40

Max-Planck-Institut, 186, 190, 193-95, 201

May, Ellery B., 27

Mayo, Robert P., 127 n, 236 n

Melbourne, University of, 314

Mercury (program), 21, 53, 61, 74, 80, 81, 97, 108, 334, 387, 388, 422, 423

Meredith, Leslie H., 187

Merritt Island, Florida, 388 n, 414, 420

Messerschmitt Bolkow Blohm, 190, 191

Meteosat, 36, 287 n; Meteosat 1, 286, 288

Michigan, University of, 155, 161, 173, 199, 335-37

Milan, University of, 201

Milder, Nelson L., 242

Miller, William E., Jr., 59

Mills, Rodney A., 226

Milwitky, Benjamin, 58

Minnesota, University of,155, 157, 161,164, 166, 170, 177

Miranda, 30, 181, 198

Misener, Garland C., Jr., 241, 242

Mississippi Test Facility, 121

Mitchell, Edgar D., 82, 84, 88, 90

Mitchell, Jesse, 129, 131, 152

Mitsubishi Electric Co., 294

Mitz, Milton A., 130

Moffett Field, California, 219

Mogavero, Louis W., 243

Mojave Desert, California, 386 n, 389, 407, 413, 414, 417

Morey, Sandra L., 243

Morris, Donald R., 241

Morrison, James R., 243

Moss, Frank E., 339

Mueller, George E., 57

Mullane, Richard M., 80 n

Murphy, James P., 242

Musgrave, Story, 104

Myers, Dale D., 55-58

N

Nagel, Steven R., 80 n

Nash, Ralph R., 352

National Academy of Sciences, 165, 280, 372;

Physics Survey Committee, 168;

Space Science Board, 167-68, 209

National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, 28, 29, 128, 239, 349, 361, 378, 381, 385, 387, 389

National Aeronautics and Space Act, 127

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Headquarters, 5, 6-7, 9, 11, 23, 25, 29, 31-33, 37, 39, 40, 43, 49, 55-60, 81, 82, 94, 97-102, 114, 114 n, 121, 122, 128-31, 152, 165, 165 n, 166, 167, 171, 172, 175, 176, 203, 207, 209, 214, 216, 221, 226, 231, 238-43, 266-68, 275, 280-82, 289, 295, 327, 337, 338, 342, 351-53, 378, 389, 390, 424;

Administration, Office of, 11;

Advanced Research and Technology, Office of, 7, 55, 97, 99, 349-56, 359-61, 370, 372-74, 377-81;

Aeronautics and Space Technology, Office of, 351-53, 356-59, 361, 369, 372-75, 377-80;

Applications, Office of, 237-39, 241, 336;

budget, 8-19, 26, 38;

Manned Space Flight, Office of, 5, 13, 55-59, 61, 62, 68, 94, 97-99, 121, 129-31, 146, 230, 249, 335, 372;

Planetary Programs, Office of, 202;

Space and Terrestrial Applications, Office of, 239, 243, 336, 337;

Space Flight, Office of, 6, 7, 55, 61, 62, 130, 372;

Space Science, Office of, 13, 68, 82, 129, 131, 132, 203, 214, 372;

Space Science and Applications, Office of, 5, 6, 7, 13, 55, 56, 61, 62, 73, 99, 130, 165 n, 216, 230, 235, 237 n, 238-41, 244, 331, 334, 335;

Space Science and Exploration, Office of, 206;

Space Transportation Systems, Office of, 7, 56, 62, 372;

Tracking and Data Acquisition, Office of, 55, 99, 389-91, 406, 424

National Environmental Satellite Center, 266

National Geodetic Satellite Program, 342

National Meteorological Satellite System, 237

National Oceanic and Space Administration (NOAA), 4, 1579 158, 160, 161, 193, 238, 266-70, 273, 274, 277, 2879 329, 337, 338, 340, 342;

NOAA 1, 35, 237, 267, 270-73, 333;

NOAA 2, 35, 237, 2679 268, 270-71, 287, 314, 333;

NOAA 3, 35, 237, 267, 268, 271, 272, 287, 333;

NOAA 4, 36, 37, 192, 237, 2679 268, 272, 315, 333;

NOAA 5, 36, 237, 267, 268, 273;

NOAA 6, 287 n, 333

National Operational Environmental Satellite System, 274 n

National Operational Meteorology Satellite System, 274

National Parachute Test Range, 50

National Research Council (Canada), 196, 197

National Research Council Space Science Board, 167-68

National Science Foundation, 8, 11 n, 287

National Science Teachers Association, 101

Naugle, John E., 6, 129, 130, 167, 235, 237, 238, 290, 329, 336 n

Naval Research Laboratory, 128, 153, 156, 166, 169, 173, 177-79, 181, 200, 201, 385, 386, 406

Navy, U.S. Department of the, 4, 26, 29, 49, 80 n, 287, 289, 290, 298, 311 322-24, 336 n, 337, 338, 373

Nelson, Evart D., 196, 197

Nelson, George D., 80 n

Ness, N. F., 158

Netherlands, the, 4, 181, 183, 188, 189, 191

Newcomb, W. D., Jr., 242

Newell, Homer E., Jr., 127, 129, 238

New Hampshire, University of, 173, 178

New Mexico, University of, 173, 177

Newton, George P., 199

Nicks, Oran W., 130, 240, 351

Nikitin, Boris V., 109

Nimbus, 33, 237, 238, 245, 250, 253-54, 266, 268, 278-86, 281, 336, 337;

Nimbus 1-7, 333;

Nimbus 2, 281;

Nimbus 3, 32, 277-81, 283, 377;

Nimbus 4, 32, 279-80, 282, 284, 344;

Nimbus 5, 35, 253, 279, 280, 282, 284, 287;

Nimbus 6, 36, 279, 280, 282, 285;

Nimbus 7, 37, 187, 279, 280, 282, 286, 287 n;

Nimbus B, 281, 283, 377;

Nimbus D, 284;

Nimbus E, 281, 282, 284;

Nimbus F, 253, 281, 282, 285;

Nimbus G, 253, 268, 281, 282, 286;

Nimbus H, 281

Nippon Electric Company, Ltd., 288

Nixon, Richard M., 8, 43, 94, 100, 108, 113, 114, 121, 127, 167, 235, 236 n

Nolan, Bernard T., 242, 243

Nordberg, William, 280,283,284,337,340

Norris, Henry W., 214, 216

Norris, Theodrick B., 6, 39, 129, 131, 152

North American Air Defense Command, 102, 103

North American Aviation, Inc., 98, 121

North American Rockwell Corporation, 26, 27, 43 n, 48, 100, 114-16, 121-23, 424

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 312-14;

NATO 1, 3 5, 290, 312;

NATO 2 (NATOSAT 2), 35, 290, 313;

NATO III A-C, 36, 37, 290, 313, 314

Northrop Corporation, 351, 361-63

Norway, 184, 187

Norwegian Institute of Cosmic Physics, 187

Norwegian Space Committee, 187

Nuclear Engine for Rocket Applications (NERVA), 354-56, 376-77

Nysmith, C. Robert, 353

O

O'Bryant, William T., 58, 59, 131

Office of Management and Budget, U.S., 8-11, 239, 268, 282, 339

Olgilvie, Keith W., 193, 194

O'Neill, T. H. R., 242, 266

Onizuka, Ellison S., 80 n

Opp, Albert G., 221, 327

Orbiting Astronomical Observatories, 23, 128, 133, 135, 136, 152, 170-72;

OAO 1,2 170;

OA03 (Copernicus), 24,25, 152, 170-72;

OAO B, 24, 25, 170, 171

Orbiting Frog Otolith Experiment, 30, 354, 355, 373, 374

Orbiting Geophysical Observatories, 128, 133, 135, 151, 172;

OGO 6, 32, 151, 172, 173

Orbiting Solar Observatories, 33, 128, 129, 133, 135, 136, 152, 172-79, 174,

OSO 1, 174; OSO 5, 35, 173, 175-78; OSO 6, 33, 35, 173, 175-77;

OSO 7, 35, 173-76, 174, 178, 402;

OSO 8, 152, 175, 176, 178, 179;

OSO I-K, 175, 176

Operations Technology Satellite, Orbital Test Satellite:

OTS 1, 290, 316;

OTS 2, 37, 290, 316

Orezechowski, Richard E., 294

Oscar 5, 35, 269, 314;

Oscar 6, 35, 290, 314;

Oscar 7, 36, 37, 192, 290, 315;

Oscar 8, 37, 290, 315

Ousley, Gilbert W., 190, 191

Overmyer, Robert F., 80 n, 109

P

P76-5 Wideband, 30, 290, 316

Packard Bell, 173

Paine, Thomas 0., 94, 100, 108, 127 n, 176, 213, 216, 235 n, 329, 370

Palapa 1, 2, 36, 290, 317

Palmdale, California, 115, 118

Parell, T., 170

Paris Observatory, 193-95

Paris, University of, 173, 225

Park, Archibald B., 241

Parker-Elmer Corporation, 99

Parker, Robert A. R., 101

Particle Measuring Systems, Inc., 225

Pasadena, California, 203, 226, 388

Peacock, W., 273

Pecors, William T., 336 n

Penaranda, Frank E., 352, 353

Perkin-Elmer Corporation, 343

Peterson, Bruce A., 363

Peterson, Donald H., 80 n

Peterson, William P., 353

Petrone, Rocco A., 57, 59

Philco-Ford Corporation, 274, 275, 277-79, 319, 320;

Space and Reentry Systems Division, 312-14

Phillips, Samuel C., 57, 81

Pickard, , H., 175, 178, 274, 278, 279

Pieper, George F., 184, 186

Pinkler, Donald G., 242

Pioneer, 23, 128, 129, 137, 202, 219-25, 377, 385, 389, 407;

Pioneer 5, 219;

Pioneer 6 and 7, 141;

Pioneer 8 and 9, 141, 202;

Pioneer 10 and 11, 23-25, 141, 219, 220-21, 221-23;

Pioneer E, 35, 402

Pioneer/Helios, 133, 141

Pioneer-Jupiter, 202, 219, 222. See also Pioneer 10

Pioneer-Saturn, 202, 219, 223. See also Pioneer I I

Pioneer Venus, 23, 141, 202, 221;

Pioneer Venus 1, 2, 24, 26, 220, 221, 224, 225

Pioneer Parachute Company, 49

Pittsburgh, University of, 173

Planetary Atmosphere Experiments Test, 30, 369-70

Pogue, William R., 94 n, 101, 105

Pomeroy, John, 58, 59

Pomeroy, William, 351, 379

Porter, J. Robert, 240, 241, 336

Posner, Jack, 242

Potate, John S., 57, 59

Powell, Cecil, 363, 364, 366, 367

Pozinsky, Norman, 389, 390

Pratt & Whitney, 23, 25, 121-23

Press, Harry, 280, 283, 284

Price, Paul A., 389, 390

Princeton University, 172

Prior, E. J., 164

Purcell, J., 171, 172

R

Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation, 289, 290, 314, 315

Radio and Space Research Station (U.K.), 184, 187

RAND Corporation, 97

Raney, William P., 239, 243

Ranger, 128

Ransome, Robin, 352

Rasool, S. Ichtiaque, 131, 239, 243

Rau, D. C., 242

RCA (Radio Corporation of America), 4, 269, 270, 273, 275, 290, 318, 336, 339, 340, 387;

Alaska Communications, Inc., 318;

Astro Electronics Division, 152, 161, 163, 267, 268, 292, 318, 338, 424;

Global Communications, Inc., 318, 425

Rea, Donald G., 130

Reeves Instrument Corporation, 387

Reiff, Glenn, 130

Relay, 236

Republic Aviation Corporation, 275

Resnick, Judith A., 80 n

reusable spacecraft, 113, 121, 362, 372, 385

Reynolds, Orr E., 129, 130

Richards, James T., Jr., 242

Ride, Sally K., 80 n

Risso, William P., 241

Robbins, William H., 295, 297

Roberson, Floyd 1., 243

Roberts, Leonard, 351

Rockwell Corporation, 22;

Rocketdyne Division, 22, 23, 32, 33

Rockwell International, 54, 75, 114, 123, 124

Rogers, Donald P., 240, 241

Roman, Nancy, 131

Roosa, Stuart A., 82, 88, 90, 91

Rose, James T., 59, 60

Rosen, Milton W., 131

Rosenberg, Jerome D., 240-42, 289

Rosman, North Carolina, 386, 386 n, 405, 414, 421, 425

Ross, Lawrence J., 23

Rossi, Lawrence C., 343

Rondebush, William H., 352

Rutgers University, 177

Ryan, Alfred A., 60

S

Sabehhaus, Anthony H., 327, 330

Sakura. See CS

Salmanson, Jay A., 6, 7, 60

Salyut, 108

Sanford, J. Duke, 241, 243

Sanford, Robert G., 295, 297

Sargent, Jack, 267, 271, 272, 280, 285, 337, 341

San Marco (spacecraft), 152;

San Marco 3, 30, 179, 181, 199;

San Marco 4, 30, 181, 199;

San Marco 5, 179

San Marco, Kenya, 28, 154, 157, 158, 162, 185, 199

Santa Barbara Research Center, 212, 268

satellites:

communication, 4, 32, 33, 289-94;

earth observation, 331-45;

scientific, 20, 127, 128, 129, 179-201;

weather, 4

Satcom 1, 2, 36, 290, 318

Satellite Automatic Tracking Antennas, 386, 415, 417, 419, 422

Saturn (launch vehicles), 3, 5, 15, 16, 18, 20, 25, 26, 43, 54, 56, 94;

Saturn 1, 26;

Saturn IB, 3, 4, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 26, 27, 61, 80, 94, 97-102, 104, 105, 109, 111;

Saturn IC, 48, 122;

Saturn IVB, 54, 74, 94, 98, 99;

Saturn V, 3, 4, 13, 14, 18, 20, 21, 26, 27, 61, 63, 72, 74, 80, 83-91, 94, 97, 98-101, 103, 122, 229, 230, 371

Saunders, J., 130

Savage, Melvyn, 57-60

Schardt, Alois W., 129, 131, 152

Schardt, Bruton B., 241, 243, 280, 336

Scherer, Lee R., 58, 59, 130

Schiffer, Robert A., 242, 266

Schindler, William R., 32, 33

Schmerling, E., 131

Schmidt, F. Robert, 6, 7, 23, 60

Schmitt, Harrison H., 80, 82, 89, 91

Schneider, E. H., 352

Schneider, William C., 55, 57-59, 100, 389, 390

Schneiderman, D., 211

Schnitzer, Emanuel, 97

Schnyer, Daniel, 57

Schrama, Daniel J., 23

Schurmeier, H. M., 210

Schweikart, Russell L., 81, 83, 104, 241

Schwenk, Carl, 352, 353, 360

Science Research Council (U.K.), 179, 184, 197, 201

Scout, 3, 4, 6, 7, 14, 18, 20, 21, 28, 29, 31, 60, 133, 150, 154, 156-58, 162, 164, 182-88, 198, 199, 286, 289, 316, 322-24, 342, 345, 369, 370, 374

Scobee, Francis R., 80 n, 364, 368

Scott, David R., 79, 81-83, 86, 89

Scull, Wilfred E., 173, 337, 341

Seaborg, Glenn T., 127 n, 236 n

Seamans, Robert C., 127 n, 236 n

Seasat, 238, 239, 245, 259-62, 333, 342;

Seasat 1, 342, 344

Seddon, Margaret R., 80 n

Sedlazek, Martin F., 241

Senate, U.S., 339;

Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences, 97;

Committee on Aeronautics, 378. See also Congress, U.S.

Shatalov, Vladimir A., 109

Shaw, Brewster H., Jr., 80 n

Shea, John T., 159

Sheffield University (U.K.), 184

Shepard, Alan B., Jr., 82, 88

Shriver, Loren J., 80 n

Silverman, Donald, 241, 242

Sirio, 36, 290, 319

Skaggs, James B., 57

Skylab, 53, 95,

airlock module, 94, 95, 98-101, 103;

budget, 18, 61, 63-65;

crew, 94, 94 n, 96, 101, 102, 129, 331;

experiments, 106-8;

missions, 13, 26, 27, 54, 230, 339, 402, 405, 414;

orbital workshop, 20, 26, 54, 94, 95, 96, 98-101, 103, 129. 372;

program, 7, 55-58, 73, 94, 97, 99-108, 140, 165 n, 239, 335;

Skylab 1, 28, 96, 100, 101, 103-4;

Skylab 2, 28, 94 n. 96, 101, 102, 104;

Skylab 3, 289 94 n. 101, 102, 105;

Skylab 4, 28, 94 n, 101, 102, 105;

student project, 101;

vehicles, 14, 17

Skynet 1-4, 35, 290, 319-20;

Skynet II A, B, 36, 320-21

Slayton, Donald K., 81, 109, 111, 112

Slone, Henry 0., 23

Small Astronomy Satellites, 164

Smith, David, 343

Smith, H. E., 109

Smith, Henry J., 130, 131, 240

Smith, Jon M., 60

Smith, Richard G., 27, 59

Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, 161, 169, 342, 386, 406 n, 419

Smylie, Robert E., 1099 351

Soffen, Gerald A., 131, 216

Solar Maximum Mission, 133, 136, 139

Solrad 10, 156, 200;

Solrad 11A, B, 179, 181, 200, 201

Sortie Lab Task Force, 55, 59

Southern California, University of, 222, 223

Southwest Center for Advanced Studies, 154, 173

Soviet Academy of Scientists, 108

Soyuz, 108, 109

space applications programs, 235-345;

budget, 244-65;

management of, 238-43

Space Electric Rocket Test (SERT), 375;

SERT 2, 32, 375-76

space science, 125-231;

budget, 132-151

life sciences, 230-31;

physics and astronomy, 151-201;

planetary programs, 202-30;

program management, 129-32

Space Shuttle, 3, 5, 13, 14, 20, 22, 31, 38, 43, 44-46,-48, 49, 54-56, 63, 102, 114, 115-17, 119-20, 127, 167, 168, 299, 302, 350, 362, 372, 407, 424, 425;

approach and landing tests, 54, 115-16, 117, 118, 123, 124, 303, 407;

budget, 61, 69-71, 114, 122;

carrier aircraft, 116, 117,

Columbia, 118, 124;

crew, 80-81, 114, 116, 117, 118;

Enterprise, 54, 115, 116, 117, 123;

experiments, 146, 263;

external tank, 14, 19, 20, 43, 44, 44-46, 47, 49, 70, 115, 117, 118 n, 119-20, 122, 123, 124;

interim upper stage, 7, 22, 25, 37, 60, 68;

main engine, 14, 19, 43, 44, 47-49, 61, 70, 114, 116, 118 n, 119-20, 121, 122, 375;

orbital flight test program, 54, 116, 118;

orbiter, 7, 20, 43, 44-46, 47, 49, 56, 61, 69, 113-24, 115, 116, 119-20, 121-24;

Orbiter 101, 113, 114, 116, 118, 123, 124;

Orbiter 102, 114, 118, 124;

program, 7, 55, 56, 59, 60, 121-24;

solid rocket boosters, 14, 19, 20, 43-50, 44-46, 47, 48-50, 61, 70, 115, 117, 118 n, 119-20

Space Shuttle Task Force, 55, 58, 114

Space Shuttle Task Group, 48, 121

Space Station, 63, 68, 69, 94, 96, 97, 100, 114, 121

Space Station Task Force, 55, 58, 59

Space Task Group, 43, 113, 121, 127, 127 n, 167, 235, 236 n, 387, 387 n

Space Telescope, 133, 136, 139

Space Tracking and Data Acquisition Network, 386, 387, 390-94, 396, 397, 401, 402, 404, 405, 413, 414-23

Space Transportation System, 5, 13, 19, 20, 22, 37, 43-50, 54, 56, 60, 61, 68, 69, 73, 113-14, 121

Spaceflight Tracking and Data Network, 402, 405-7, 408, 409, 414

Spacelab, 55, 56, 59, 60, 68, 116, 133, 136, 139, 146, 263

Spain, 4, 179, 181

Speer, F. A., 166, 167, 169, 170

Spencer, Nelson W., 161, 163, 173

Spencer, Robert L., 242

Spreen, William C., 240, 241, 266

Sprince, Richard H., 241, 242

Sputnik, 108

Stafford, Thomas P., 81, 84, 109, 111, 112

Stallkamp, J. A., 210

Stanford Research Institute, 224, 225

Stanford University, 167, 173, 193, 195, 212, 228

Stanley, H. Ray, 343

State, U.S. Department of, 102, 287

Stecher, Joseph, 183

Steinbacher, R. H., 211

Stephanides, Chris C., 343

Stephens, R., 161

Stevens, Samuel R., 289

Stevenson, John D., 57

Stewart, Robert L., 80 n

Stewart, Rodney D., 167

Stock, Richard L., 389, 390

Stofan, Andrew J., 39, 40, 131

Stone, Robert G., 159

Stoney, William E., 57, 59, 239, 242, 336

Strass, H. Kurt, 351, 352

Sullivan, Frank J., 351, 352, 372

Sullivan, Kathryn D., 80 n

Summerfelt, William A., 58, 59

Summers, Robert A., 240, 241

Surveyor, 41, 128, 377;

Surveyor 3, 54, 74, 86

Sweden, 187-89

Swetnick, Martin J., 241

Swigert, John L., Jr., 82, 87

Switzerland, 189

Symphonie, 321-22;

Symphonie 1 and 2, 36, 290, 321-22

Synchronous Meteorology Satellite (SMS), 237, 245, 251-52, 266, 274;

SMS 1, 2, 36, 237, 245, 274, 275, 277, 287, 333;

SMS-GOES, 274-76, 276. See also Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite

Syncom, 236, 275, 325

Syromyatnikoy, Vladimir S., 109

Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power (SNAP), 354-55, 377

T

Talbot, Joseph, 188

Taut, Larry R., 345

Taylor, Charles A., 389, 390

Taylor, Eldon D., 130, 240, 241

Taylor, William B., 98

Technical University of Denmark, 187

Telesat of Canada, 290-92, 317

Telstar, 236

Tepper, Morris, 239, 240-42, 266

Terwillinger, Richard G., 242

Test and Training (TETR) satellites, 402;

TETR 1, 2, 402;

TETR 3, 35, 402;

TETR C, 35

Texas, University of, 161, 197, 225

Thagard, Norman E., 80 n

Theon, John S., 280, 284-85

Thiokol Corporation, 22, 23, 29, 31-33, 43, 43 n, 47-49

Thole, John M., 131, 175, 177-78, 327, 330

Thorne, Pitt G., 130, 239, 240-41, 243, 337

Thor, 15, 16, 31;

Thor-Agena D, 31, 32, 173;

Thor-Delta, 3, 3n, 4, 20, 21, 31-33, 34, 35-36, 191-92, 231, 299, 301-5, 340;

T-D 2914, 180, 193, 195, 197. (see also Delta 2914);

TD-IA, 35, 37, 181, 201

Thorad-Agena, 376;

Thorad-Agena D, 3 n, 21, 32, 280, 283, 284, 344

Thorley, Gene A., 243

Tilford, Shelby G., 243, 266

Timco, J. W., 57, 58

Tiros (Television Infrared Observation Satellite), 237, 245, 250-51, 253, 266-70, 274, 2759 331;

Tiros Operational System (TOS), 237, 245, 250-51, 266, 268, 269;

Tiros J, 268;

Tiros M, 237, 250, 267, 268, 270;

Tiros N, 22, 237, 250-51, 267, 268, 273, 287 n, 333;

Tiros I-X, 333

Tischler, Adelbert 0., 351, 352, 374

Titan, 5, 22, 38, 40, 43, 48, 165, 301;

Titan III, 6, 7, 20, 38, 41-42, 60;

Titan III A, 38, 41;

Titan III B, 41;

Titan III C, 3 n. 4, 19, 21, 38, 39, 41, 42, 133, 150, 164, 200, 201, 327, 330;

Titan III D, 14, 40-42, 164, 167;

Titan III E, 429 164, 167;

Titan Centaur, 42, 190, 191, 213, 226, 228;

Titan III D-Centaur, 38, 216;

Titan III E-Centaur, 3, 4, 4, 21, 38, 40-42, 218, 360;

Titan Mars 1973, 141, 213, 216

Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., 292

TOPO I (Topographic Satellite), 342, 344

Toronto, University of, 161

Townsend, Margorie R., 154, 158, 162

tracking and data acquisition, 383-428;

budget, 391-401;

program management, 389-90;

networks, 401-428, 403

Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS), 168, 390, 391, 399, 407, 414, 417, 419, 420-22, 424-25, 426-28

Tracking and Ground Instrumentation Unit (TAGIU), 387

Trainor, James H., 190, 191

Transit, 30, 322-24; Transit 1-4, 290

Transportation, U.S. Department of, 287, 370, 380

Triad OI-1X, 30, 322; Triad 2, 3, 30

Truly, Richard H., 80 n, 116, 118

Truszynski, Gerald M., 389, 390

TRW, Inc., 33, 48, 100, 121, 158, 165, 167-70, 172, 173, 175, 176, 219, 224, 229, 230, 298, 336, 338;

Space and Defense Systems, 228, 298

TRW Systems Group, Inc., 195, 222, 301-5, 425

TU Braunschweig, 186, 190

Turtil, Joseph, 242

U

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, 3, 8, 53, 54, 108, 109, 287, 287 n

United Aircraft Corporation, 100

United Kingdom, 4, 181, 187-89, 191, 198, 290, 319-21

United Nations, 286, 287

United Space Boosters, Inc. 47, 49

United States, 3, 53, 54, 108, 109, 127, 128, 168, 179, 235, 238, 240, 267, 286, 287, 290, 294, 315, 372, 378, 388, 389, 405

United Technology Center, 29, 31, 43n, 48,49

United Technologies Corporation, 47, 49;

Chemical Systems Division, 39, 40,49

Universitat Hamburg, 190

V

Vance, James L., 58, 59

Vandenberg Air Force Base, 28, 42, 122, 239

Vanguard (satellite), 128, 386, 406

van Hoften, James D. A., 80 n

Vietnam war, 8, 236

Viking, 38, 40, 42, 129, 133, 142, 202, 203, 206, 213-19, 214, 215, 216-17, 360, 369, 377, 406, 407;

Viking 1, 2, 38, 41, 42, 213, 217-19

Vitale, Joseph A., 243

von Braun, Wernher, 26, 94, 97, 100

von Rosenving, Tycho, 195

Vought Corporation, 28, 29, 31

Voyager, 38, 40, 41, 129, 133, 142, 202, 209, 213, 216, 226-28, 227,

Voyager 1, 2, 38, 41, 412, 226, 228

W

Wagner, Carl L., Jr., 182

Wagner, Robert L., 58, 59

Walker, David M., 80 n

Wallops Flight Center, 239, 342, 343, 406

Wallops Island, Virginia, 28, 153, 156, 157, 274, 286, 289, 387

Wallops Station, Virginia, 369, 370, 374

Walter, Forrest, 241

Wash, Charles E., 131

Washington, D. C., 180, 239, 424

Washington University, 166, 170

Waugh, Merle G., 57

Weather Bureau, U.S., 237, 274, 277

Webb, James E., 216

Webster, Kenneth, 389, 390

Weiland, Stanley, 267, 280, 284

Weitz, Paul J., 94 n, 101, 104

Westar 1, 2, 36, 290, 317, 324, 325

Western Ontario, University of, 196, 197

Western Test Range, 31, 154, 161-64, 182-84, 186-89, 191-92, 196-98, 201, 239, 269-73, 280, 283-86, 314-16, 322-24, 336-37, 340-45, 376

Western Union: Space Communications, Inc., 425;

Telegraph Co., 2, 290, 324, 325, 425

West Germany. See Germany, Federal Republic of

Wetherington, R. L., 59

Whirlpool Corporation, 100

White, George C., Jr., 57

White, Maynard E., 57

White, Robert D., 109

White, Robert M., 336 n

White Sands Missile Range, 387 n, 401, 414, 422

White Sands, New Mexico, 422, 425, 428

Wible, M. Keith, 58

Wild, Jack W., 6, 7, 57, 58, 60

Williams, Donald E., 80 n

Williams, Francis L., 239, 242

Willoughby, Willis J., 241

Wilmarth, Verl R., 58

Wilson, Charles A., 231

Wilson, Robert G., 130, 131, 241

Winter, David, 58, 60, 129, 131

Wisconsin, University of, 179, 225

Wise, Donald U., 58

Wisniewski, Richard J., 352

Witt, William, 192

Woerner, Charles V., 157

Wolfe, John H., 221, 222

Wolff, Edward A., 327, 330

Woodward, William H., 351, 352, 374

Worden, Alfred M., Jr., 82, 86, 89

Wrublik, D.P., 154

Y

Yale University, 161

Yardley, John F., 6, 7, 55, 56, 58, 59

York University, 197

Young, A. Thomas, 129, 131, 202, 206

Young, John W., 81, 82, 84, 87, 90, 91

Young, S., 130

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