SP-4206 Stages to Saturn
 
 
[501-511] Index
 
The appendixes are not included in the index.
 
 
 
Acceptance Test or Launch Languages (ATOLL), 237, 256, 398
Actuator (Highs control system), 182
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), 31, 39, 56, 133, 135
defense funding, 26-27, 29-30, 35, 76, 299
and NASA programs, 33, 34, 38
and Saturn program, 23, 37
Advanced Vehicle Team (LaRC), 61
Advent (communications satellite), 135
Aero Spacelines, Inc., 309-17
Aerobee (sounding rocket), 17
Aerojet General Engineering Corp., 60, 130-31, 210
Air Force, U.S., 13-14, 17, 25, 35, 37, 135, 137, 149
civilian space program, aid to, 19, 35, 36, 98, 111
contractor relations, 194-95, 288-89
F-1 engine program, 26, 105, 123, 127
liquid hydrogen research, 131, 135-36
Pregnant Guppy detention, 317-18
and Saturn program, 39-40, 43, 57
Air transport, 293, 302, 308-18
Airlock module (Skylab), 382
Alabama Space and Rocket Center, 394, 395 ill.
Aldrich, David E., 110
Aldrin, Edwin E., 3, 5, 6 ill., 363, 369, 371-72, 373 ill.
All-up concept, 347-49, 351, 356 ill., 357, 360, 377
Allen, William M., 360
Alloy, 194
aluminum, 101, 119, 165, 201, 203, 217, 396
beryllium 248, 250-51, 257, 398
magnesium-lithium, 250-51, 257, 397-98
nickel, 102, 119
Anders, William A., 367
Animals in space, 19, 327
Apollo Applications Program (AAP), 382
Apollo Applications Program Office, 382
Apollo Executive Group (contractors), 276
Apollo Program Office, 230, 254, 278, 285, 291, 295
Apollo Saturn (Apollo space vehicle and flight). See Apollo Saturn IB, Apollo Saturn V.
Apollo Saturn IB:
AS-201, 148, 187, 253, 338-39, 340, 349
AS-202, 339, 340, 341, 343
AS-203, 339-40, 341, 349
AS-204 (Apollo 1), 340-41
AS-204 (Apollo 5), 340-41, 343-44
AS-205 (Apollo 7), 343 ill., 344, 345
AS-206 (Skylab 2), 383-84
AS-207 (Skylab 3), 383-84
AS-208 (Skylab 4), 149, 383-84, 385 ill.
AS-209 (ASTP Skylab), 384, 389
AS-210 (ASTP), 385
Apollo Saturn V:
AS-501 (Apollo 4), 223, 228-32, 254, 321, 347-49, 351-55, 356 ill., 357-60, 364
AS-502 (Apollo 6), 321, 364, 377
AS-503 (Apollo 8), 321, 349, 363-68, 377-78
AS-504 (Apollo 9), 149, 364, 368
AS-505 (Apollo 10), 368-69
AS-506 (Apollo 11), 3, 321, 369-72, 378
AS-507 (Apollo 12), 374-75
AS-508 (Apollo 13), 375-76
AS-509 (Apollo 14), 376
AS-510 (Apollo 15), 376
AS-511 (Apollo 16), 376
AS-512 (Apollo 17), 376, 377 ill.
AS-513 (Skylab 1), 384
Apollo-Saturn program, 184, 285, 360, 370- 71
booster-payload coordination, 61-62, 274
existing technology use, 21, 87, 131
growth, 267, 382
objectives, 261-62, 264, 381
problem prevention efforts, 103, 184, 262, 330, 374
success factors, 262, 264, 282, 288-89, 318, 337, 377, 397-99. See also All-up concept, Budget (NASA), Logistics program, Quality control, Technology transfer.
Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP), 127, 291, 379">379, 385, 386, 388, 389 ill., 401
Apollo spacecraft and missions:
Apollo 1 (AS-204), 340-41
Apollo 4 (AS-501), 340-41, 347-49, 351-60, 364
Apollo 5 (AS-204), 341, 343-44
Apollo 6 (AS-502), 344, 360
Apollo 7 (AS-205), 343 ill., 344, 345
Apollo 8 (AS-503), 321, 363-68, 378
Apollo 9 (AS-504), 364, 368
Apollo 10 (AS-505), 368
Apollo 11 (AS-506), 3, 4, 6 ill., 7, 125, 363, 369-72, 373 ill.
Apollo 12 (AS-507), 374-75
Apollo 13 (AS-508), 375-76
Apollo 14 (AS-509), 376
Apollo 15 (AS-510), 376
Apollo 16 (AS-511), 376
Apollo 17 (AS-512), 376, 377 ill.
Apollo telescope mount (ATM), 382-83
Appold, Norman C., 34, 45
Armstrong, Neil A., 3, 5, 6 ill., 363, 369, 371-72, 373 ill.
Army, U.S., 25, 35, 391
civilian space program, aid to, 19, 35-36, 298
liquid propulsion rocketry, 14, 131
missile development, 13-15
and Saturn program 39-40
Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA), 15-16, 18, 25
booster programs, 25-30, 33-34, 298
civilian space program, aid to, 19-20, 33-40
and NASA program, 81, 157-58, 193
and Saturn program, 41-44, 69, 74, 76, 136, 243
Army Ordnance Missile Command (AOMC), 14, 30, 31, 42, 299
Arnold Engineering Development Center, 149, 390
Astrionics Laboratory (MSFC), 247, 328
Astronauts, 19, 20 ill., 383. See also names of individual astronauts.
Atlantic Missile Range, 16 ill.
Atlas (ICBM missile), 14, 17, 19, 20, 21, 34-36, 164, 189
liquid fuel use, 14, 44, 91
satellite payloads, 17, 134-35
and Saturn program, 37, 43, 120, 127, 141, 146
Atlas (launch vehicle), 17, 19, 20 ill., 21, 25, 44, 61 ill., 161, 134-35
Atlas-Agena, 61 ill.
Atlas-Centaur, 135
Atmospheric research, 17
ATOLL (Acceptance Test or Launch Languages), 237, 256, 398
Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), 13, 17
Atwood, J. Leland, 224, 226, 229, 231
Automation, 241
automated checkout, 186, 235-40
and welding, 218, 221 ill., 222
Auxiliary propulsion system (Saturn guidance and control system), 182, 256
 
B-377 (cargo aircraft), 309
B-377 PG. See Pregnant Guppy.
B-377 SG. See Super Guppy.
BARC amphibious vessel, 298
Balch, Jackson L., 74
Balsa wood insulation, 175
Barge, 298
Compromise, 305
Little Lake, 305
Palaemon, 302-03, 304, 305, 306 ill., 307
Pearl River, 305, 306 ill.
Poseidon, 305, 306 ill., 307
Promise, 305, 307
Base heating phenomena, 78-79
Bauer, H. E., 167, 171, 189, 240, 302
Bauer, Raymond A., 394-96, 399
Baykonur Cosmodrome, 388
Bean, Alan L., 374
Belew, Leland F., 99, 148
Bendix Corp., 245, 248
Bergen, William B., 231
Bill Dyer (tugboat), 308
Bob Fuqua (tugboat), 303, 304, 307
Boeing Co., 116, 200, 352, 360
contracts, 105, 284
MSFC staff, work with, 192-96, 207, 239-40
NASA facilities use, 71, 73, 166, 194
production innovations, 201-03, 206
Booster. See Launch vehicle and Missile.
Borman, Frank, 367
Bostwick, Leonard C., 95-96, 104, 112
Bramlet, James B., 65, 193
Brand, Vance D., 389
Brennan, William J., 108, 113, 115
Budget (NASA), 54-55, 188, 297
logistics costs, 293, 295
long-range plans, 48, 50, 53. See also All-up concept.
Bumper (atmospheric research probe), 14
 

Camera capsules, 328, 338, 340

Canright, Richard B., 39, 134
Cape Canaveral, 14, 15, 70, 73, 80, 323. See also Cape Kennedy.
Cape Kennedy, 21, 101, 123, 125, 239, 317, 318, 332, 388-89
Cargo aircraft, 309-18
Cargo Lift Trailer (CLT), 315
Castenholz, Paul, 113
Centaur (launch vehicle upper stage), 36-38, 43
liquid hydrogen fuel, 44, 46, 51, 61 ill., 92, 131-35, 136 ill., 137
tank structure, 164, 167
Cernan, Eugene A., 368, 369
Chaffee, Roger B., 231, 340-41
Chance-Vought Corp., 82
Chrysler Corp., 15, 71-72, 81-83, 98, 102, 103, 196, 210, 331, 333, 385
Civilian space program, 41, 55
Cluster concept, 34, 35, 324
engine, 30, 36, 43, 51, 76, 79-80, 83, 97, 137, 160, 164, 334, 337, 345, 400
tank, 30, 43, 76, 77, 82 ill., 155
Collins, Michael, 3, 5, 363, 369-72
Combustion instability, 99, 101, 113-16, 398
Comet Kohoutek, 385
Command and service module (CSM), 5, 83, 161, 236, 247-48, 344, 359, 361, 363, 368, 369, 372, 384
Apollo 1 fire, 340-41
production delays, 226-27, 230-31
Committee for Evaluating the Feasibility of Space Rocketry (CEFSR), 130, 131
Compromise (barge), 305
Computer language, 236-37, 256, 398
Computer, 155, 235, 236 ill., 246 ill., 294-95
automated checkout, 236-41
guidance, 243, 249
innovations, 250-51, 398
PERT, 286-87
Conrad, Charles ("Pete"), Jr., 374, 384
Conroy, John M., 309-14
Contractor, 15, 96, 102, 268 ill., 281, 283, 360. See also Apollo Executive Group, Government-contractor relations, Management, Marshall Space Flight Center, Resident Manager's Office, and names of individual contractors
Contract (NASA), 15, 42, 68, 284, 309
engine, 104-05, 137, 141, 143, 148
maintenance, 73-74
stage, 81, 157-59, 160, 210-11
Control Data Corp., 240
Convair Astronautics Div., General Dynamics Corp., 159, 173, 188, 210
Cook Technological Center, Cook Electric Co., 328
Cosmonaut, 19, 21, 54, 388. See also names of individual cosmonauts.
Crocco, Luigi, 114
Cronkite, Walter, 357
Cryogenics, 89, 90, 91, 94, 127, 130, 184, 198, 297, 398
Cummings Research Park, 395 ill.
Cunningham, R. Walter, 343
 
Dannenberg, Konrad, K., 263, 264
Davis, Wilbur, S., 211
Debus, Kurt H., 38 ill., 70, 231, 277 ill.
Defense, Dept. of, 15, 23, 282
booster program, 26, 36, 37
space program, 25, 27, 32, 55
and Saturn program, 38-42, 57, 297
Development Operations Div. (ABMA), 42
Direct ascent (Nova), 63, 65, 66, 83
Donn, William, 357
Doolittle, James H., 34
Dornberger, Walter R., 11, 12
Douglas Aircraft Corp., 169 ill., 182, 210, 240, 279 ill., 283, 309, 382
insulation innovations, 172-77
S-IV stage, 81, 136-37, 157, 158-59, 188-89, 331
S-IVB stage, 143, 147-48, 157, 160, 162, 168, 185-87, 278, 280
tank, 165-67, 170-72, 184-85
Draper, Dr. C. Stark, 242
Dryden, Dr. Hugh L., 32 ill., 34, 39, 40, 53, 55, 58, 67, 113
"Dry workshop." See Orbital Workshop.
Dyna-Soar, 35, 43, 47, 57, 58, 60
 
E-1 engine, 26, 27, 111
Earth orbit rendezvous (EOR), 59, 63, 65-67, 84, 162, 349, 400
Edwards Air Force Base, Calif, 68-69, 106, 107, 116, 123, 124, 126, 136
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 19, 27, 32 ill., 33, 41, 42, 43 ill., 50
Eisele, Donn F., 343
Electronics Communications Inc., 254
Engine Program Office (MFSC), 108, 140, 270
Explorer (satellite), 16 ill.
Explorer 1, 18, 26, 70, 354
Explorer XVI, 330
 
F-1 engine, 26, 48, 51, 52, 87, 105, 110 ill., 122 ill., 142, 210, 302, 370, 397-98
innovations, 107-08, 119, 120-21, 127
problem phases, 95, 108-09, 112-114, 116, 153
Saturn V, C-5 configuration, 58-59, 65, 192-93;
Saturn V, S-IC stage, 5, 106, 196, 198-99; 207-08, 348, 352, 354, 357
testing program, 106-07, 108, 111-12, 115, 117, 119, 123-26. See also Combustion instability, Fuel injector, Pogo effect, Thrust chamber, Turbopump.
Fairchild Corp., 333
Felix, Harold E., 185
Flight Operations Office (GEM box), 274
Ford Instrument Co., 243
Frietag, Robert F., 313
Friendship 7, 20
Fuel injector, 109-16, 138, 142, 145, 151 ill.
Fuller, Paul N., 144
 
Gagarin, Yuri A., 19, 54
Gates, Thomas S., Jr., 41
Gayle, J. B., 185
Geissler, Ernst D., 38 ill., 59, 163
GEM boxes, 270, 272 ill., 273, 289, 290, 292
Gemini program, 21, 161, 294, 330, 336, 355, 381
General Accounting Office, 159
General Dynamics/Astronautics, 132, 134-35,138
General Electric Co., 14, 73-74
Gilruth, Robert R., 61, 62, 63, 65, 229, 277 ill., 364, 373 ill.
Glenn, John H., Jr., 20
Glennan, T. Keith, 32 ill.. 33, 38, 40, 41, 43, 50, 51, 53, 57, 141, 159, 209
Goddard, Robert H., 8-9, 10 ill., 91
Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), 61
Godfrey, Ron, E., 162, 190
Goett, l Harry J., 41
Golovin, Nicholas E., 63, 67, 351
Goodrum, John C., 296, 307, 310, 311, 314, 318
Gordon. Richard F., 374
Government-contractor relations,15, 358, 397-400
MSFC. contractor monitoring, 81, 98, 102-03, 107, 113, 116, 124, 141, 184-85, 193-95, 200-02, 213, 222-23, 226-27, 230, 232, 257, 275, 277-78, 280-82, 292, 296, 358, 361-62
NASA contractor management, 104, 159, 222, 224-32, 245-56, 274, 288-89, 292
Grace, Clinton, H., 245-46
Grau, Dieter. 350, 366
Greer, Robert E.. 227, 228.232
Grissom, Virgil I., 231, 340, 341
Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corp., 68
Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 10
Guidance and control system, 7, 8, 52, 241, 242, 247, 278, 250, 251
Gyroscope, 242
 
H-1 engine, 29, 39, 48, 87, 91, 94 ill., 100 ill., 105 ill., 120, 125, 127, 142, 153, 398
innovations, 99, 119
problem phases, 95, 101-04
Saturn 1, 77, 97, 324, 325, 326, 328-29, 336
Saturn IB, 83, 97, 338, 344
testing program, 98, 113, 115, 126. See also Combustion instability, Fuel injector, Teflon, Thrust chamber, Turbopump.
Haeussermann, Walter, 38 ill., 350
Haise, Fred W., Jr, 375
Hall, Eldon W., 45, 47
Hamilton, Julian S., 311
Harrje, David, 114
Haynes Satellite Co., div. of Union Carbide, 103-04
Heimburg, Karl L., 38
Helicopter, 308, 316 ill.
Helium, 177-78, 198, 199
Hellebrand, Emil A., 183-84
Hello, Bastian, 231
Hermes C-1, 14
Hermes program, 14
High Altitude Test Vehicle (HATV), 130-31
Highwater, Project, 325, 336, 345
Hjornevik, Wesley L., 35, 36, 40, 41
Hoelzer, Helmut, 38 ill.
Hoffman, Samuel K., 34
Holaday, William M., 27
Holmes, D. Brainerd, 63, 65, 67, 114, 160, 192, 211, 312, 349, 359-60
Hoppes, R. B., 396
Homer, Richard E., 45, 47, 50
Hornig, Donald F., 113
Houbolt, John C., 63, 64 ill.
House Committee on Science and Astronautics, 159
Hueter, Hans, 38 ill.
Huntsville, Ala., 379, 390-94
Hyatt, Abraham 34, 36, 41, 45, 158
 
International Business Machines Corp. (IBM), 240, 245, 246 ill., 247, 252-53, 386
Industrial Operations Div., (IO, .MSFC), 182, 269-70, 286. 290
Inertial guidance systems, 242, 243
Injector, See Fuel injector.
Instrument unit (IU), 161, 241-57, 315, 386
automated checkout. 239-40
production procedures, 242-54
Saturn 1, 244-45, 249
Saturn IB, 245, 246 ill., 247, 344
Saturn V, 241-42, 246 ill., 247-50, 255-56, 358-59, 360-61
Insulation, 149, 172-77, 212, 213-15, 22223, 358
Intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM), 13, 91, 386, 400-01. See also Atlas, Minuteman, and Titan.
Intermediate range ballistic missiles (IRBM), 16, 91. See also Jupiter and Thor.
International Geophysical Year (1957-1958), 17
Invar piping, 152-53
IU-204 (instrument unit), 254
IU-205, 254
IU-503, 254
 
J-2 engine, 5, 58-59, 144, 151 ill., 187 ill., 240:
failure, 360-63
liquid hydrogen technology, 127, 141, 143, 146-47, 359
problem phases, 144-45, 149-53, 372-73
Sell stage, 177, 210, 212, 216, 240, 348, 357;
S-IVBstage, 160, 164, 171, 177-78, 180-82, 186, 256
Saturn IB, 87, 143, 338-40, 343-45,
Saturn V, 143, 368, 371
testing program, 142-43, 147-49, 216. See also Fuel injector, Pogo effect
 
JATO project (let-Assisted Take-Off), 10
James, Lee B., 278-79, 280, 289, 399
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 18, 33, 130, 132
Johnson, Lyndon B., 31, 53, 54, 68 ill., 348, 369
Johnson, Roy W., 27, 31, 33, 38, 40, 44
Johnston, Herrick L., 131, 133, 147
Jones, Robert E., 390
Juno (launch vehicle), 18, 34
Juno II, 25, 36
Juno III, 27
Juno IV, 27
Juno V, 27-28, 31, 35, 36, 74, 76, 79, 191
Juno V-A, 37
Juno V-B, 37
Jupiter (IRBM missile), 14, 15, 16, 30, 35, 70, 77, 83, 91, 95, 99, 127, 195, 244, 350
Jupiter C (launch vehicle), 16 ill., 17, 18, 36
 
Kennedy, John F., 53-56, 67, 68 ill., 348
Kennedy Space Center (KSC), 3, 4, 6 ill., 184, 236 ill., 239, 332, 349, 351, 356 ill., 386, 390
Kerosene-based propellant, 5, 89, 99, 102, 105, 127, 129, 232, 386, 387
Kerwin, Joseph P., 384
Killian, James R., 27, 31
Killian committee, 27, 31
Klute, Dan, 113
Kroeger, Herman W., 311
Kubasov, Valery, N., 388
Kuers, Werner R., 219, 392
 
Lambert, H. L., 301
Land transport, 298-99, 300, 301, 318
Lange, Oswald H., 136, 210, 211, 275
Langley Research Center (LaRC), 44, 61-63
Launch Complex 34, 70, 338, 343 ill.
Launch Complex 37, 332, 334-35, 341
Launch Complex 39, 4, 6 ill., 11 ill., 223, 347, 356 ill., 365 ill., 385 ill.
pad A, 383
pad B, 383
Launch Operations Center (LOC), 70
Launch Operations Directorate (LOD), 70
Launch vehicle, 3-4, 17-21, 25-29, 33-41, 51-53, 56, 74. See also names of individual vehicles.
Launch window, 293, 367
Leonov, Aleksey A., 21, 388
LEV-3 (inertial guidance system), 242-43
Lewis Propulsion Laboratory, 44
Lewis Research Center (LeRC), 44, 79, 84 ill., 132-134, 136-138, 145, 153, 173
Liquid hydrogen, 8, 53, 127, 129-30, 184-85, 297
Centaur, used in, 36-37, 131, 133-35
J-2, used in, 127, 141, 144-45, 149-50, 177-82, 339-40, 345, 361
Lewis Laboratory research, 44, 132-33
RL-10, used in, 127, 137, 140, 144, 334
Saturn design, effect on, 44-47, 51, 58, 89, 134, 400
tanks, effect on,