SP-4305 ENGINEER IN CHARGE

 

[589-620] Index

Illustrations

pp ix-xvii

Chapter 11

pp 311-341

Foreword

pp xix-xxi

Chapter 12

pp 343-383

Acknowledgments

pp xxiii-xxv

Epilogue

pp 385-396

Introduction

pp xxvii-xxxviii

Appendix A

p 397

Chapter 1

pp 1-22

Appendix A1

p 399

Chapter 2

pp 23-63

Appendix B

pp 401-425

Chapter 3

pp 65-95

Appendix C

pp 427-439

Chapter 4

pp 97-122

Appendix D

pp 441-478

Chapter 5

pp 123-139

Appendix E

pp 479-509

Chapter 6

pp 141-185

Appendix F

pp 511-514

Chapter 7

pp 187-217

Notes

pp 515-565

Chapter 8

pp 219-247

Guide To NACA at Langley

pp 567-588

Chapter 9

pp 249-270

Index

pp 589-620

Chapter 10

pp 271-309

Author

p 621

 

A-9 missile (German), 343
A-10 missile (German), 343
A- 17A (Northrop), 138ill., 489, 491
A-20 Invader (Douglas), 251, 49, 498
Abbot, Charles G., 7ill., 405, 406ill.
Abbott, Ira H., 6ill1., 113, 116, 17, 375, 376, 414, 452, 457, 464, 515, 524, 526, 529, 537, 540, 544, 548, 559, 563
acceleration effects on drop-body testing, 262
accelerometer, 520
Acker, Otto, 550
Adams, Charles F., 160
Adams, Joseph P., 405
Adams, Porter, 519
Adams, William, 43ill.
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), 381, 385
Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (British), 3, 5
Aero Club of America, 11, 532
Aero Digest, 119, 120, 133, 144-146, 340
Aerodrome (Samuel Langley's), 2, 4ill.
aerodynamic heating. See heating, aerodynamic.
aerodynamical researchers, development of, 47
aerodynamics, 2, 6, 41, 43, 47, 9, 55, 57, 66, 250,253
aeroelasticity, 404, 459, 469. Se also flutter.
aeronautical engineering programs, U.S., 47-49
aeronautical engineers,
civil service examination, 46, 49
development of, 47, 53
Aeronautical Research Committee (British), 553
Aeronautical Society of Great Britain, 66, 78
aeronautics,
as perceived by Joseph S. Ames, 74
as perceived by Sir George Cayley, 78
in the 1920s and 1930s, xxviii
aeronautics community (U.S.), NACA's
understanding of, 141
afterburner, 222, 235, 239
Air Commerce Act of 1926, 50, 145, 148, 404
Air Express (Lockheed), 129, 130
Air Force Scientific Advisory Board, 355
Air Force, U.S., 306, 338, 355
Air Materiel Command, 260, 279, 283, 286, 289, 329, 366, 540, 549, 550, 555, 558. See also Liaison Office, Air Materiel Command (AAF), at Langley Field; and Army Air Forces (AAF).
Air Scoop, 210, 211, 214, 216, 264, 287, 303,383
Air Technical Advisory Panel, 365
Airacobra (Bell P-39), 51, 196, 199-202, 200ill., 239, 260, 299, 492, 494, 495, 542,550
Airacomet (Bell P-59), 224, 233, 239, 241, 242ill., 243, 247, 251, 271-273, 297
Aircraft Development Corp., 152
Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory (AERL), 187, 194, 207, 239, 246, 247, 294, 301, 450, 547. See also Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory.
aircraft numbering system (Langley's), 479
Aircraft Production Board, Council of
National Defense, 8, 19
airfoil cascades. See cascades.
airfoil research, 78, 118, 311
early success of NACA's, 84
NACA's pattern of, 135
Wright brothers', 67, 78, 79
airfoil sections, 79-81, 100
1-series low-drag, 317
2-series low-drag, 114
3-series low-drag, 114
4-series low-drag, 114, 117
4-digit series, 97, 98ill., 101, 104, 105
5-digit series, 104, 105
5-series low-drag, 114
6-series low-drag, 116, 529
16-series, ill, 317
230-series, 542
characteristics, 75, 81, 83, 526
Clark Y, 35, 81, 173, 534
Gottingen, 81, 167, 178
Joukowski, 113
laminar-flow, xxxiii, xxxvi, 39, 65, 106, 109, 1.11, 113-118, 115ill., 236, 317, 464, 497, 527, 528, 529
Munk, 83, 84
N.A.C.A 0012, 114
N.A.C.A. 0015, 97
N.A.C.A. 2415, 97
N.A.C.A. 661-2l2, 115i11.
N.A.C.A. 747A315, 115i11.
R.A.F. 15, 81, 167, 174, 178
symmetrical, 97
thick vs. thin, 79, 275-277
U.S.A. series, 79,167, 171, 173-175, 178
airfoil theory. See theory, airfoil.
airfoils, 63, 78-84, 97, 98, 101, 107, 108, ill-118, 251, 256, 464
historical evolution of, 78-81
negative camber, 251
numerical code, 97, 98, 116
parameters, 75, 80, 83, 97, 8, 101, 113, 114
pressure distribution, 80, 8, 102, 105, 106, 108, 109, ill, 113 114, 116, 315, 452, 474
supercritical (Whitcomb's), 249, 341, 390,464
theory of oscillating, 105
airplane-airship competition, 5, 57
airships, 3, 47, 55, 56ill., 57ill, 59, 74, 75, 127, 207, 404, 521, 522
airships, 19th Airship Squadron (Langley Field), 55, 521
airspeed indicator, 73Akimoff, Nicholas W., 546
Akron (U.S.S.), 56, 57ill., 404, 521, 522
Albacore submarine, 449ill.
Alexander Airplane Co., Colorado, 119
Afford, William L., 414
Alison, John R., 405
Allen, Edmund T. "Eddie", 538
Allen, H. Julian "Harvey", 53, 113, 253, 291, 349ill., 350, 358, 370, 375, 378, 414, 528, 560, 563
Allen-Eggers study group (Ames lab), 370
Allis-Chalmers, 221, 233, 242
Allison Engineering Co., 152
Allison V 1710 engine, 239
Alsos mission, 267
Altitude Wind Tunnel at AERL, 246
American Aeronautical Society, 1, 516
American Brown Boveri Electric Corp., Camden, N.J., 119
American Institute of Aeronautics and
Astronautics (AIAA), 121, 277
American Physical Society, 560
American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T), 2
Ames Aeronautical Laboratory (AAL), 53, 120, 187, 193, 219, 250, 251, 329, 348-350, 356, 358, 378, 362, 471, 528, 536, 545, 550, 560, 563
Ames, Joseph S., 7ill., 21, 22, 24, 37, 74, 75, 76ill., 92, 119, 120, 130ill., 145, 152ill., 169, 193, 401, 402i11., 405, 519, 520, 525, 529, 536, 538, 541
Ames, Milton B., 42, 291, 362, 365, 414, 555, 561, 562, 574
Anderson, R. F., 537
Anderson, Roger, 368
Annular Transonic Tunnel, 315, 330, 331, 557
"antipodal" rocket plane (Sanger-Bredt concept), 350
Antoinette monoplane, 524
Apache (Wright), 124, 125ill., 127, 532
Apollo program, 349, 350, 391, 394
Apt, Milburn G., 359
Archimedes, 334
area rule, xxxvi, 311, 312, 331, 332, 336-341,370,454,559
Arizona (U.S.S.), 546
Armstrong, Neil, 366
Army Air Corps, 53, 192, 193, 199-202, 204, 224, 227, 230, 231, 234, 240
Army Air Corps Enlisted Reserves (ACER), 204. See also army-navy-NACA plan of 1944.
Army Air Forces (AAF), 240, 274, 275, 281, 286, 296, 297, 299, 314
Army Air Service, 10, 19, 20, 22, 59, 128, 143, 160, 161, 166, 167, 170, 172, 174, 538
Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA), 377
Army Corps of Engineers, 10ill.
Army Signal Corps, 10
Army, U.S., 2, 9, 13, 14, 16, 19, 20, 46,132, 148, 181-183, 241, 242, 245,260-262, 271-273, 289, 301. See
also Army Air Corps, Army Air
Forces, Army Air Service.
army-navy-NACA plan of 1944, 204, 205, 543
Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDO), Tullahoma, Tenn., 388, 564
Arnold, Henry H. "Hap", 199, 201, 223, 224,230,231,241-243,260,405, 406ill., 539, 542, 547
Arnstein, Karl, 152ill., 522
"Arsenal of Aeronautics" (McCook Field), 143
art, role of, in creating technology, xxxv, 311, 312, 341
Astin, Allen V., 405
AT-5A Hawk (Curtiss), 128, 129ill., 130, 490
Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific Co., 14
Atlas booster, 381, 385, 387, 388. See also
ICBMs.
Atmospheric Wind Tunnel, 50, 81. See also NACA Tunnel No. 1.
atmospheric wind tunnels, 21, 120, 170
Auteuil, France, wind tunnels at, 3, 68
autogiros, 156, 162ill., 482, 485, 487, 488ill., 489, 492
Auxiliary Flight Research Station. See
Wallops Island, Va.; and research divisions (Langley), Pilotless Air craft Research Division (PARD).
AVCO Research Laboratory, 39, 51
Aviation, 148, 279
Aviation Corp., 152
axial-flow compressors. See compressors, axial-flow.
Ayer, Bruce E., 414

 

B-9 (Boeing), 534
B-10 (Martin), 534
B-17 Flying Fortress (Boeing), 99, 132
B-18 (Douglas), 117ill.
B-24 (Consolidated), 545
B-26 Marauder (Martin), 235ill., 494ill.
B-29 Superfortress (Boeing), 262, 263ill., 286, 296, 300, 301, 500, 501, 502ill.
B-45 (North American), 246ill., 504
B-52 Stratofortress (Boeing), 561
B-58 (Boeing), 472
Baals, Donald D., 414, 472, 522, 526, 527, 544 557, 559, 560
Babberger, Carl, 53, 414
Back River. See Hampton, Va.
Bacon, David L., 41, 43ill., 44ill., 46, 87, 83ill., 414, 443, 525, 538, 539
baffles, engine, 128, 135, 138
Bailey, Frederick 3., Jr., 368, 414, 537,
Baker, C. W., 517
balances, wind tunnel. See instruments,
wind tunnel balances.
Bamber, Millard J., 35, 46, 414
Bane, Thurman H., 19, 143, 405, 518
Barling NB-3 bomber, 279
Bassett, Preston R., 405
Bateman, H., 528
Bauemker, Adolf, 541
Becker, John V., xxxvii, 54, 254, 286, 306, 313-315, 320, 321, 324, 328, 331, 344, 345ill., 346, 353, 356, 357, 360-363, 368-374, 377, 378, 380, 381, 414, 424, 447, 452, 454, 462, 466, 467, 471, 472, 478, 519-523, 534, 537, 544, 548, 550, 551, 553, 557, 558, 560-563
Beeler, De Elroy, 301, 362, 414
Beisel, Rex, 534, 536
Bell Aircraft Corp., 51, 199, 200, 202, 224, 233, 273-279, 286, 288, 296, 298, 299, 306, 350, 542, 552, 553, 555
"Buck Rogers" project, 233
turbojet projects, 246
Bell, Lawrence D., 199, 200, 304, 308ill., 542,553
Bell aircraft,
L-39, 502ill., 504
P-39 Airacobra, 51, 196, 199-202, 200ill., 239, 260, 299, 496, 550
P-59 Airacomet, 224, 233, 239, 241, 242ill., 243, 247, 251, 271, 272
P-63 Kingcobra, 502ill.
X-1, xxxvill., 51, 350, 356, 363, 364, 371, 454, 545. See also XS-1.
X-1A, 359, 364ill., 562
X-1E, 307ill.
X-2, 350, 354ill., 355, 472
X-5, 350, 364ill.
XP-39 Airacobra, 198-201, 492, 542
XP-59 Airacomet, 273, 297
XS-1, 181, 271-279, 275ill., 286, 287, 289, 294, 296, 300ill., 301, 305, 306, 312, 315, 326, 332, 357, 551, 552, 553, 555
X S-2, 313ill., 316ill., 555
YP-39, 201, 494
Bell Telephone Laboratories, xxxviii, 403
Bennett, Benjamin, 43ill.
Bennett, E. O., 518
Bernoulli effect, 454
Bertram, Mitchel, 368
Bethe, Hans, 39, 108
Betz, A., 528
Biermann, Arnold E., 414, 534
Biermann, David .1., 414, 464
Big Joe project, 388
"Big Switch", shift in research emphasis from piston to jet engines, 247
Bingham, Hiram, 529
Bioletti, Carlton, 414, 534
Bisplinghoff, Raymond L., 390, 564
blade-element analysis, 126
Bleecker, Maitland B., 46, 51
blowdown technique. See wind tunnels,
blowdown technique.
Blumenthal, Otto, 528Blumfield plantation, 13
blunt-body concept, 349, 350, 358, 361, 375
Boardman, John L., 518
Bodenheimer, Ogden W., 21, 28, 53
Boeing aircraft,
B-9, 534
B-17 Flying Fortress, 99, 132
B-29 Superfortress, 262, 263ill., 286, 296, 300, 301, 500, 501, 502i11.
P-26A Peashooter, 153ill., 485, 487ill., 489
B-52 Stratofortress, 561
B-58, 472
P-26A Peashooter, 153ill., 485, 487ill., 489
PW-9, 53, 161, 162ill., 482, 538
Bogdonoff, Seymour M., 414
Bohler, Gabriel, 531
Bohr, Niels, 531
Bolling Field, District of Columbia, 165, 201,542
Bolling, Raynaul C., 16
Boiling-Clark group, 16
BOMI project (Bell), 355
Bonney, Walter, 93, 515, 519-522, 525, 537, 538, 540, 545, 549, 550, 552, 557, 559, 564
Booker, Hunter R., 11, 14
boost gliders, 351, 368, 375
Borai, William E., 143
Bothezat, George de, 170, 538
boundary layer, 101, 102, 104, 105, 108-ill, 117, 348, 353, 522, 526
boundary-layer controls, 56, 110, 522
Braig, Raymond, 415ill.
Braun, Wernher von, 75, 377, 385
Bray, J. S., 152ill.
Bredt, Irene, 350
Brett, George H., 406ill.
Brevoort, Maurice J., 414, 534
Brewer, R. W., 152ill.
Brewster Aeronautical Corp., 51
Brewster XF2A Buffalo, 194-197, 195ill., 262, 492, 542
Briggs, Lyman J., 152ill., 258, 318, 406ill., 550
Bristol, Mark L., 9, 406
British aeronautical establishment. See Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (British), Aeronautical Research Committee (British), Royal Aircraft Establishment (British), Cambridge University (British), Gas Turbine Collaboration Committee (British), National Physical Laboratory (British), Royal Aeronautical Society (British), Royal Aircraft Establishment (British), Royal Aircraft Factory (British).
Brombacher, W. G., 152ill.
Bronk, Detlev W., 406
Brookings Institution, 27
Brooklyn, Polytechnical Institute of, 319
Brown, Clinton E., 236, 284, 295, 351-353, 352ill., 355, 361, 414, 424, 467, 474, 555, 561
Brown University, 527
Brown, William G., 42, 43ill.
Brown-Zimmerman-O'Sullivan study group, 351, 355, 356, 362
"Buck Rogers" project at Bell, 233
Buckingham, Edgar, 224-226, 232, 545
Buckley, Edmund C., 262, 269, 414, 425, 551
Buckroe Beach, Va., 59
Buffalo (Brewster XF2A), 194-197, 195ill., 262, 492, 542
buffeting, 112, 220, 459, 474
Buglia, James J., 378
Bulifant, George, 415ill.
bump, transonic, 315, 317ill.
Burden, William A. M., 406
Bureau of Aeronautics (BuAer), U.S. Navy, 53, 76, 78, 87, 92, 123, 126, 152, 165, 190, 194, 200, 240, 273, 274, 290-292, 542, 546, 552, 554, 562
Bureau of Air Commerce, 148, 156
Bureau of Aircraft Production, 79
Bureau of Ships, U.S. Navy, 547
Bureau of Standards. See National Bureau of Standards.
Bureau of the Budget, 142, 160, 193
Burgess, Charles P., 521, 522
Burgess, George K., 7ill., 406Busemann, Adolf, xxxiv, 282, 283ill., 285, 322, 324, 334-336, 415, 553, 557, 559
Bush, Vannevar, xxvii, 120, 230ill., 231, 232, 401, 402, 404, 406ill., 515, 547
Butler, Sherwood L., 425
Butler, T. Melvin, 415, 425, 519
buzz bombs, 260, 267
Byrne, R. W., 556

 

C-2A (Fokker), 166, 482
Caldwell, Cy, 535
Caldwell, Frank W., 539
California Institute of Technology (Caltech), 47, 230, 281, 341, 363, 378, 547
California, University of, at Berkeley, 260
California, University of Southern, 558
Cambridge University (British), 109, 244
Campbell, A. M., 43ill.
Campini jet propulsion system (Langley's), 222-224, 228ill., 233, 234, 238-245, 250, 294, 548
Campini, Secondo, 222
Canadian Flying Corps, 46
Cape Canaveral, Fla., 388
Caproni, Gianni, xxix
Caproni-Caxnpini airplane, 222, 545
Carman, L. Robert, 561
Carmichael, Leonard, 406
Carpenter, Scott, 392ill.
carriers, aircraft, 123, 180
Carroll, Thomas, 34ill., 42, 43ill., 50ill., 152 ill., 163 ill., 164 ill., 166, 415 ill., 533,538
cascades, 39, 221. See also compressors, axial-flow.
Cassady, John H., 407
Catholic University, 68, 113, 119, 120, 279,531
Cayley, George, 78
Centaur launch vehicle, 478
center-plate support system. See wind
tunnels, model support systems.
Central Establishment for Military Aeronautics, Chalais-Meudon, France, 3
Century Series fighters, 472
ceramic heat exchangers, 477
Chalais-Meudon, France, wind tunnels at, 188,540
Chamberlin, Edward H., 412, 425ill.
Chamberlin Hotel, Old Point Comfort, Va., 149, 150ill.
Chambers, W. Irving, 3
Champine, Robert, 305ill.
Champs de Mars, France, wind tunnels at, 3,68
Chance Vought Corp., 51, 137, 139, 154, 339,534
Chanute, Octave, 207
Chapman, Dean R., 378, 563
Charles Ward Hail Inc., 152
charter, NACA, xxviii, 5, 259, 399, 404
Chesapeake and Ohio Railways, 44
Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938, 404
Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA), 54, 156, 530
civil aviation, 143, 182
Civil Service Commission, 27
civil service examination, 46, 49
Civil War (American), 44,401
Clark, Virginius E., 16, 19, 81, 156, 407, 517
Clark Y airfoil. See airfoil sections, Clark Y.
Clarke-Thomson Research Foundation, Philadelphia, Pa., 25
Clay, William C., 415, 526, 528
closed-circuit wind tunnels, 67-70, 74, 75
Clousing, Lawrence A., 355, 370
Coates, Irvin, 61ill.
Cocke, Bennie W., Jr., 549
Coe, Paul L., Jr., 198, 542
"cold" aerodynamics, 353
Cold War, 376, 427
Coleman, Donald G., 152ill.
Collier, P. F., 532
Collier, Thomas M., 415
Collier Trophy, Robert J., 532
for 1929, 124, 129, 130ill., 181
for 1946, 528
for 1948, 304-309, 326, 556
for 1951, 331
for 1955, xxixi ill, 340
Columbia University, 36
combined loading, 462Combs, Thomas S., 407
committees, NACA, 8
Aerodynamics Committee, 54, 182, 322, 324, 350, 351, 362, 365
Committee on Publication and Intelligence, 80
Executive Committee, 6, 28, 30, 36, 72, 74, 143, 159, 160, 166, 169, 177, 262, 267, 519, 541, 547
Main Committee, 5, 6, 7ill., 211, 373, 401, 402ill., 404
Research Airplane Panel, 355, 356, 362, 365
Special Committee on Aeronautical Research Facilities, 190
Special Committee on Future Research Facilities, 6, 192
Special Committee on Jet Propulsion, 230-243, 547, 549
Special Committee on Problems of Transport Construction and Operation, 147
Special Committee on Relation of NACA to National Defense in Time of War, 6, 192, 203, 541, 543
Special Committee on Space Technology, 377
Special Committee on the Design of the Navy Rigid Airship ZR-1, 6
Special Committee on the Proposed Consolidation of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics with the Bureau of Standards, 145, 535
special committees, 6
Special Survey Committee on Aeronautical Research, 193
Special Survey Committee on Research Facilities, 547
Subcommittee on Auxiliary Jet Propulsion, 231
Subcommittee on Federal Regulation of Air Navigation, 535, 536
Subcommittee on Motive Power. See Subcommittee on Power Plants for Aircraft.
Subcommittee on Power Plants for Aircraft, 8, 25, 37, 211
Subcommittee on Stability and Control, 350
subcommittees, 34, 147
technical committees, 6
compressed-air wind tunnel. See wind tunnels, variable-density. compressibility, 550
compressibility burble, 252, 255, 452, 550, 557
compressibility crisis, 221, 545
compressibility effects, 87, 120, 220, 237, 249, 253, 260, 271, 282, 284, 286, 288
compressors,
axial-flow, 39, 22ill1., 222, 244, 467, 472, 473ill., 545
centrifugal-flow, 222
supersonic, 344, 345, 347
Compton, Karl T., 407
computers". See computing section employees.
computing section employees, 84, 207, 543
Condon, Edward U., 407
Congress, U.S., 101, 108, 110, 142, 399, 427, 429
House of Representatives, 1, 5, 10, 13,
Committee on Naval Affairs, 5, 9
Deficiency Appropriations Subcommittee, 542
Independent Offices Subcommittee, 545
Select Committee of Inquiry into Operations of the United States Air Service, 143
Select Committee on Astronautics and Space Exploration, 563
Senate, 375
Committee on Appropriations, 160
Committee on Astronautics and Space Exploration, 385
Conlon, Emerson W., 291, 554
Conner, D. William, 415
Connoly, Donald H., 407
Consolidated Aircraft Corp., 51, 156
Consolidated aircraft,
B-24, 545
XB-32 Dominator, 196
Constant, Edward, II, xxxiii, 155, 245, 556
Continuous-Flow Hypersonic Tunnel, 471
"contracting out", 387
control requirements, for large transport planes, 156, 182
control surfaces, 156
Convair, 337, 339, 351
Convair aircraft,
F-102, 337, 338ill., 339ill, 341, 472
F-106 Delta Dart, 338
F-111, 475
XF-92, 364ill.
YF-102, 337
Cook, Arthur B., 192, 407
coolant requirements for hypersonic gliders, 372
Coolidge, Calvin, 50, 144
Cooper, Gordon, 392ill.
Cooper, P. A., 372
Cornell University, 25, 39, 46, 404
"correspondence policies (NACA), 31-33, 40, 39, 567
Corsair (Vought F4U-1), 138ill., 196, 219, 495, 496, 500, 505, 544. See XF4U-1.
Corson, Blake W., Jr., 415, 558
Cortright, Edgar M., 392, 393ill., 564
Council of National Defense (U.S.), 8
Cousteau, Jacques, 122
cowling, NACA, and, xxxvi, 63, 99, 124, 129ill., 130ill., 13ill1., 132, 133, 137, 139, 177, 181, 311, 415ill., 450, 454, 464
historical interpretations of, 139
NACA's claims about, 134
optimum location in reference to wings, 131
cowling no. 10, 128ill., 134, 534
cowling research program, stages of, 126
stage one (1926-1929), 126-129
stage two (1929-1931), 129-134
stage three (1931-1934), 134-137
stage four (1936 and after), 137
cowlings, 55, 123, 127, 129, 135, 137, 156, 158,192
Craigie, Lawrence C., 407
Crain, Percy J., 415, 425
Cramer, R. H., 543
Crane, Robert, 370
crash fires, research into causes of airplane, 156
Craven, Thomas, 407
Crawford, Alden R., 289
Crawford, Frederick C., 407
Crigler, John L., xxxiiill., 415
Cronk, H. M., 538
Crossfield, A. Scott, 363
cross-licensing agreement, 8
Crowell, Benedict, 20
Crowley, John W. "Gus", Jr., 46, 90, 152ill., 163ill., 177, 182, 261, 267, 284, 302, 363, 364, 415, 425ill., 521, 539, 543, 554, 561, 564
"culture shock" and Max M. Munk, 93.
See also technology transfer.
Culver, C. C., 538
Curry, John F., 407
Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Co., 152, 537
Curtiss aircraft,
AT-5A Hawk, 128, 129ill., 130, 490
Bleeker helicopter, 483ill.
JN4H Jenny, xxxiii., 21, 162, 479, 480
JN6H Jenny, 481
P-36 Mohawk, 491, 493
R3C-2, 395
SB2C Helldiver, 260, 495, 497, 500, 501, 550
SOC-1, 219, 489
TS-1, 160, 163, 481
XBFC-1, 488ill.
XP-40 Kittyhawk, 196, 492
XP-42, 196, 492, 493ill.
XP-46, 196
XSO3C-1, 196, 492
YP-37, 196, 494
Curtiss Flying School, Newport News, Va., 152
Curtiss, Glenn H., 2, 3, 8, 532
Curtiss Wright Corp., 149
Cushman, Ralph E. "Mike", 515
cut-and-try method, 78, 81, 139, 312
Cutlass (Vought F7U), 246ill.
D-558 (Douglas), 274, 289-294, 293ill., 296, 306, 314ill., 316, 371, 454, 545, 555D-558-1
Skystreak (Douglas), 275, 291, 304, 306, 312, 315, 356, 364ill.
D-558-2 Skyrocket (Douglas), 304, 305ill., 363, 364ill.

 

Da Vinci, Leonardo, 66
Damon, Ralph S., 407
Daniel Guggenheim Fund for the Promotion of Aeronautics, 50, 231
Daniels, Josephus, 9, 517
Darby, R. A., 543
Darling, Frank W., 11, 14ill.
Davidson, Milton, 259, 273, 274, 290, 415, 552, 554
Davis, D. D., 557
Davis, Thomas W. S., 407
Davis, William V., Jr., 407
Davis-Douglas Co., 570
Dawson, John R., 416, 466
Dawson, Virginia, 231, 232, 239, 242, 547, 549
DC-3 (Douglas), 99, 112ill., 132, 156, 183
DC-4 (Douglas), 54, 182, 184
Dearborn, Clinton H., 46, 416, 447, 538, 542, 549
Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1950, 427
Defoe, George L., 46
DeFrance, Smith J. "Smitty", 46, 47, 105, 108, 120, 152ill., 190, 416, 425ill., 443, 447, 459, 520, 521, 526, 530, 541,542
DeHavilland aircraft,
DH-4, 16, 19, 163, 171, 394ill., 480, 482
DH-9, 163, 481
DeKlyn, John H., 21, 28, 29, 32, 40, 519
Delano, James B., 416
Delta Dart (Convair F-106), 338
delta wings. See wings, delta.
Demming, Arthur, 416
Department of Commerce, U.S., 142, 145, 152, 156, 181, 404, 405, 486, 535
Department of Defense, U.S., 381, 385, 404
Depression, Great, 41, 54, 101, 104, 119, 144, 146, 149, 279, 427
design formula (U.S.),
for World War II aircraft, 219
for transonic and supersonic aircraft, 361
Detroit Aircraft Co., 51
Deutsche Versucheanstalt f¸r Luftfahrt (DVL), 188
DH-4 (DeHavilland), 16, 19, 163, 171, 394ill., 480, 482
DH-9 (DeHavilland), 163, 481
Dichman, Ernest W., 152ill.
Diehi, Walter S., 78, 92, 152ill., 165, 172, 174, 175, 179, 180, 260, 273, 291, 292, 523, 525, 538, 539
dihedral, effect of, on airplane stability, 282
ditching, 219
dive brakes, 359
dive recovery flaps, 251, 252ill.
dive tests, 262, 264
divergent maneuvers, 360
Doenhoff, Albert E. von, 116, 423, 464, 472, 524, 526, 528, 529, 552
Doherty, Robert E., 407
Dominator (Consolidated XB-32), 196
Donaldson, Coleman duPont, 315, 416
Donely, Philip, 368, 416, 468
Donlan, Charles J., 355, 385, 416, 467, 469, 544, 559, 563
Donovan, Arthur L., 396
Doolittle, James H., 326, 401-404, 403ill., 407
Doppler radar, 268
Dornberger, Walter, 350, 355, 560, 561
Double Mustang (North American F82), 263ill.
Douglas Aircraft Co., 148, 156, 157, 182, 274, 291, 292, 350, 552, 554, 562
Douglas aircraft,
A-26 Invader, 251, 497, 498
B-18, 117ill.
D-558, 274, 289-294, 293ill., 296, 306, 314ill, 316, 371, 454, 545, 555
D-558-1 Skystreak, 275, 291, 304, 306, 312, 315, 356, 364ill.
D-558-2 Skyrocket, 304, 305ill., 363, 364ill.
DC-3, 99, 112ill., 132, 156, 183
DC-4, 54, 182, 184
DT-2, 163, 481
X-3, 363, 364ill.
XBT-2, 196, 491Douglas, Donald W., 570, 571
Dow, Norris F., 356, 357, 382, 383, 462
Downey, George E., 516
Downs, Harry, 43ill.
downwash, 360, 361
"draft dodgers", 208
drag, xxx, 108-110, 114
caused by surface roughness, 102
induced, 74
minimum, 72
skin-friction, 102, 110
transonic, 332-338, 341
wave, 282, 283
drag cleanup program, xxxvi, 194-202
Drake, Hubert M., 561, 582
Draley, Eugene C., 315, 320, 322, 329, 330, 416, 424, 474, 545, 558, 563
drive systems. See wind tunnels, drive systems.
Driver, Cornelius, 390
drop-body testing, 14, 261-263, 284, 309, 312, 473, 551; acceleration effects on, 262
Dryden, Hugh L., 152ill., 217ill., 258, 276, 283, 318, 326, 330, 331, 356, 362, 365, 377, 385, 412ill., 548, 550, 558
Dryden Research Center. See High-Speed Flight Station.
DT-2 (Douglas), 183, 481
Du Pont Co., 2
Duberg, John E., 362, 416, 561
ducted-fan jet propulsion system. See Campini jet propulsion system.
Duncan, Donald B., 407
Dunkirk, British evacuation from, 224
Dupree, A. Hunter, 215
Durand committee. See committees,
NACA, Special Committee on Jet Propulsion.
Durand, William F., 7ill., 11, 29, 30ill., 53, 126, 231-235, 232ill., 238-243, 401, 402ill., 404, 407, 444, 518, 522, 524, 532, 548, 549
Durand-Lesley propeller data, 126
D-VII (Fokker), 163, 169, 174
dynamometer cars, 18, 21, 66
Dyna-Soar project, 369, 375, 376, 381, 372
 

Eakin, Samuel, 43ill., 415ill.

Earhart, Amelia, 254ill.
East Area (Langley Field), 187, 189ill., 441
Eastman Kodak, 2
Ebert, John W., Jr., 416
Echols, Oliver P., 242, 261, 407, 549
Edgewood Arsenal, N.J., 258, 318
Edison, Thomas, 132
editorial policies and committee system (NACA Langley), 34, 36, 39, 40
Edwards Air Force Base, Calif., 353, 362, 365
effective Reynolds number, Jacobs's concept of, 102
Eggers, Alfred 3., 349, 370, 378, 379, 560, 563
Eiffel, Gustave, 3, 68, 522
Eiffel Institute, 79, 80
8-Foot High-Speed Tunnel. See wind tunnels.
8-Foot Transonic Pressure Tunnel. See wind tunnels.
8-Foot Transonic Tunnel. See wind tunnels, 8-Foot High-Speed Tunnel.
Einstein, Albert, 122
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 375, 385
electric power for wind tunnels, 67, 68, 542
electric power supply (Langley), 48, 193
electrical engineering programs, U.S., 32
electrodynamic theory, 48
11-Inch High-Speed Tunnel. See wind tunnels.
11-inch hypersonic tunnel. See wind tunnels.
Elizabeth City County, Va., 11, 59, 441
Ellerbrock, Herman H., 416
Ellis, Macon C. "Mike", Jr., 236, 284, 295, 416, 467, 474, 545, 548, 551, 553, 555, 560
Ellis-Brown ramjet proposal, 296
empirical method, xxix, 78-81, 131, 139
engine development, American vs. European, 193
engine nacelles, 55
engine test beds, 66
engineer, compared to architect, xxxvengineer in charge concept, xxvii-xxxv, xxxvii, ,xxxviii, 391-396
engineer-in-charge, establishment of, 28-34
engineering education at American universities, 32, 47-54, 396, 527
Engineering Experiment Station, U.S. Navy, 2
Engineering Research and Development Corp. (ERCO), 486
engines, 6, 8, 41
Allison, 239
fuel injection, 29, 41
General Electric, 222, 246, 290
Liberty, 16-19, 518, 538, 570, 571
liquid-cooled, 123
Pratt & Whitney, 227ill., 134-137, 236, 239
radial, air-cooled, 123, 134, 137, 156, 181,183
ramjet, 294-296
rocket, 184, 272-274
turbojet, 185, 223, 290
Westinghouse 24C turbojet, 290
Whittle, 223, 224, 230, 233, 239, 243, 244, 247, 260
Wright, 127, 128, 239, 532
Ercoupe, 486
Erickson, Albert E., 550
eureka phenomenon, in case of area rule, 334-336
Evans, John, 43ill.
Everest, Pete, 559
expanding nozzle principle, 345
experimental equipment, 442
dependence on, 107
dynamometer cars, 18, 21, 66
engine test beds, 66
towing tanks, 7, 66, 442
whirling arms, 1, 66, 67, 78, 315, 471
wind tunnels. See wind tunnels.

 

F3F-2 (Grumman), 196, 489
F-4 Phantom (McDonnell), 475
F4U-1 Corsair (Vought), 138ill., 219, 495, 496, 500. See also XF4U.
F7U Cutlass (Vought), 246ill.
F-8U (Vought), 339, 509
F9F Tiger (Grumman). See F11F-1.
F11F-1 (Grumman), 339, 505, 506, 509
F-82 Double Mustang (North American), 263ill.
F-84 Thunderjet (Republic), 246ill.
F-86 Sabre (North American), 306, 505, 507
F-102 (Convair), 337, 338ill., 339ill., 341, 472. See also YF-102.
F-104 Starfighter (Lockheed), 117, 339
F-105 (Republic), 472
F-106 Delta Dart (Convair), 338
F-111 (Convair), 475
Faget, Maxime A., 356, 357, 368, 378, 379ill., 381, 385, 388, 416
Fagg, Fred D., Jr., 408
Fairbanks, Andrew J., 152ill., 416
Fairbanks, Karl 3., 46, 51, 416
Fairchild Aviation Corp., 537
Fairchild aircraft,
Fairchild 22, 162, 480ill., 485ill.
FC-2W2, 162, 482
Falcon missile, 478
Fales, E. N., 539
family feeling inside NACA, 41, 60, 63
Farassat, Feri, 523, 531
Farren, William S., 262, 551
fatigue testing, 462
FC-2W2 (Fairchild), 162, 482
Fechet, James E., 7ill., 408
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 214, 544
Fedziuk, Henry A., 416, 424
Fermat's Last Theorem, Pierre de, 121, 531
Ferri, Antonio, 318, 319ill., 320, 322, 324, 327, 416, 474, 552, 557
15-Foot Spin Tunnel, 453
fire of 1927 in Variable-Density Tunnel, 100
Fire project (NASA), 476, 478
Fitch, Aubrey W., 408
5-Foot Atmospheric Wind Tunnel (AWT), 442
5-Foot Free-Flight Tunnel, 456ill.
5-Foot Vertical Tunnel, 442, 446
flaps, xxx, 105, 219, 251, 252ill.
Fleming, W., 355
Flettner rotor, 122Flight Research Center. See High-Speed Flight Station.
flight research, requirements of, 166
fluid mechanics, xxxiv, 39, 55
flutter, 55, 105, 220, 459, 469, 472, 474, 478, 527, 573. See also aeroelasticity.
Flutter Tunnel, 469, 470
Flyer (Wright), 3
flying bombs, 267
Flying Fortress (Boeing B-17), 99, 132
flying qualities program, 156, 182
flying wings, 51
Fokker, Anthony, xxix, 79, 524
Fokker aircraft,
C-2A, 166, 482
D-VII, 163, 169, 174, 481ill.
trimotor, 13ill1., 415ill., 482, 483ill.
Foote, Paul D., 408
Ford, Henry, 18, 50
Ford Motor Co., 537
Forest Products Laboratory, 161
Fornoff, A. C., 543
Forrest, Marvin, 416, 425
Fort Monroe, Va., 150ill.
Foulois, Benjamin D., 145, 408
14-Foot Transonic Tunnel (Ames's), 329
4 x 18-Inch High-Speed Tunnel, 446
4 x 19-Inch High-Speed Tunnel, 446
4 x 4-Foot Unitary Tunnel, 475
4-Foot Supersonic Pressure Tunnel, 325, 472, 473ill.
4 x4-Foot Supersonic Pressure Tunnel. See
4-Foot Supersonic Presure Tunnel.
Fowler wing, 537
free-flight vs. wind tunnel advocates, 353
Freeman, Hugh B., 522
Freeman, John R., 401, 402, 404, 408
Freeman, Robert G., 46
Free-Spinning Tunnel, 220ill., 453ill.
French aeronautical establishment. See Central Establishment for Military Aeronautics, Chalais-Meudon, France; Champs de Mars, France, and Auteuil, France, wind tunnels at; Paris, University of; Eiffel Institute.
Freon, 459, 464
Fresno State College, 207
Frick, Charles W., Jr., 53
FST vs. VDT debate, 101-105
fuels research, 55
Full-Scale Tunnel. See wind tunnels.
funding for NACA research, U.S Government, 128
Furnas, Clifford C., 408
fusion apparatus (Jacobs-Kantixwitz), 39

 

Gallaudet Aircraft Corp., 43
Gardiner, Arthur, 42, 43ill., 50, 152ill., 416, 521
Gardner, Matthias B., 408
Garland, Benjamin J., 378
Garrick, I. Edward, xxxiv, 416, 424, 515, 519, 527, 528, 553
gas dynamics, 39
Gas Dynamics Laboratory (Langley), 325, 347, 348ill., 471, 473
Gas Turbine Collaboration Committee (British), 243
gas turbines, 39, 223, 225, 236, 547
Gay, Ernest, 43ill.
Geer, E. Barton, 477
Gemini program (NASA), 349, 350
General Electric Co., 2, 241, 242, 246, 388, 403, 571
at Schenectady, N.Y., 233
at West Lynn, Mass., 224, 233
turbojet development, 241
turbo-propeller development, 33, 242
General Electric engines,
General Electric-Moss supercharger, 222
1-A turbojet, 246
TG-180 turbojet, 290
General Motors, 46
Gerrish, Harold C., 416
Getsug, Joseph, 425
Gillmore, William E., 7ill., 408
Gilruth, Robert R., xxxvii, 262-67, 265ill., 269, 276-278, 284, 297, 315, 353, 355, 373, 377, 378, 385, 386ill., 416, 424, 527, 540, 551, 552, 563
Glass, Clindon, 6ill1., 417
Glauert, Hermann, 318
Glenn, John, 392ill.
Glennan, A. H., 517
Glennan, Keith T., 386
glide bombs, 281
glider tests, Wright brothers', 67
Gloster E 28/39 (British), 223
Gluhareff, Michael, 281, 552
Goering, Hermaun, 541
Goethert, Bernhard, 329
Goett, Harry J., 417
Goldberg, Mike, 468
Goodlin, Chalmers H. "Slick", 299
Goodwin, Glen, 370
Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., 152
Goodyear-Zeppelin Co., 404, 537
Goose (Grumman JRF-5), 499ill., 500, 501, 504, 506, 507
Goranson, R. F., 551
Gorrell, Edgar S., 524
Gottingen, Germany, wind tunnels at, 68
Gottingen, University of (German), 3, 67, 68, 74, 75, 94, 289, 294, 531
Gough, Melvin N., 6ill1., 162, 265ill., 272, 273ill., 291, 300, 415ill., 417, 425, 498ill., 535, 555
Graham, D. J., 557
Gray, George W., xxxvii, 117, 450, 457, 463, 466, 468, 526, 528, 540
Greek (ancient) catapult engineers, 124
Green, Maurice W., 174, 177, 539
Greenberg, Harry, 528
Greene, Carl F., 179, 180, 260, 271, 540, 545
"Greene House", 179, 540. See also Liaison Office, Air Materiel Command (AAF), at Langley Field.
Gregg, Willis R., 408
Grey, C. G., 99
Griffith, Leigh M., xxvii, xxxi, 8, 28-32, 30ill., 40, 41, 43ill., 50, 61, 85, 92, 417, 516, 519, 520, 525, 538, 539, 570,571
Grissom, Virgil "Gus", 392ill.
Griswold, Roger W., 281
Groome, Nelson S., 11, 13
Grumman Aircraft Corp., 54, 339
Grumman aircraft,
F3F-2. 196, 489
F9F Tiger. See F11F-1.
F11F-1, 339, 505, 506, 509
JRF-5 Goose, 499ill., 500, 501, 504, 506, 507
XF3F, 192
XF4F Wildcat, 196, 489, 492
Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology (GALCIT), 260, 81
Guggenheim, Harry F., 54, 145, 408
Guidonia, Italy, 188, 319
gust loads, 459
Gust Tunnel, 468, 469ill.
Gustafson, Frederic B., 417, 471

 

Habel, L. W., 557
Haines, John, 415ill.
Hale, Frederick, 537
Hall, Charles Ward, 152ill., 156
Hall-Aluminum Aircraft Corp., 152
Hallion, Richard P., xxxvii, 333, 545, 555
Hamilton Aero Manufacturing Co., 51
Hamilton, Harry H.,425
Hamilton, Thomas F., 52ill.
Hammeter, George, 61ill.
Hampton High School football team, 111
Hampton Roads, Va., 14, 44, 58-60, 149, 150,395
Hampton, Va., 11-21, 24, 26, 28, 44,:54, 58-63, 93, 441
Back River, 14, 58, 103, 125, 441, 461, 489,518
Hampton Monitor, 17ill.
Little England, 14ill.
Rotary Club, 61
Handley-Page wing slots, 127
handling characteristics, 156, 157
handling requirements, 183
hangars (NACA Langley), 480ill., 484ill., 502ill., 506ill.
Hanks, John, 43ill.
Hanover Polytechnical School (German), 74
Harris, Thomas A., 417, 425, 467, 469
Harrison, Lloyd, 408
Hartmann, Edwin P., 417, 550, 560
Harvey, Julian A., 545
Havilland, Geoffrey de, xxix
Hawk (Curtiss AT-5A), 128, 129ill., 130, 490
Hawk missile, 478
Hawks, Frank, 129
Hayes, Wallace D., 341, 560
Hayford, John F., 30ill., 408
Hazen, Ronald M., 408
Hearth, Donald P., 393ill.
heat shields, 355, 385, 388
heat transfer, 346, 358, 474, 478
heat-capacity lag, 39
heating, aerodynamic, 348, 349, 353, 362, 475, 478, 560
Heinemann, E. H., 555
Heinkel 178, 223
Heinkel 280, 230
Heldenfels, Richard R., 417, 424, 462, 477, 478
Helicopter Apparatus, 442, 471
helicopters, 483ill., 497, 499ill., 504-507, 520,546
Helidiver (Curtiss SB2C), 260, 495, 497, 500, 501, 550
Hello, Bastian, 549
Helms, Charles H., 538, 555
Hemke, Paul E., 50, 93, 94ill., 152ill., 417, 525
Henderson, Arthur, Jr., 562
Henry, J. R., 470
Hensley, William N., 22, 519
Herbert, Frank, 43ill.
Herring, Harvey, 61ill.
Herrnstein, William H., Jr., xxxiiill., 417
Hershey, Lewis B., 204
Hess, Robert, 285
Hester, Clinton M., 406ill., 408
Hicks bill of 1920, 142-143
Hicks, C. F., 142
Higgins, George J., 46, 90, 152ill., 417, 525,539
High-Speed Flight Research Station
(HSFRS). See High-Speed Flight Station.
High-Speed Flight Station (HSFS), Muroc, Calif., 309, 353-357, 359, 362
High-Speed Panel (NACA), 292
Hill, Paul R., 368, 417
Hilton, W. F., 253, 257, 302, 550
Hinckley, Robert H., 406ill., 408
Hindenburg, 56, 207
Hines, Wellington T., 408
Hitchcock, Gilbert, 516
HNS-1 (Sikorsky) helicopter, 49, 499ill.
Hoffmann, Sherwood, 559
Holloway, Paul F., 372
Holt, Harry H., 11-14
Holt, Harry H., Jr., 517
Hood, Manley J., 454
Hooker, Ray W., 6ill1., 417
Hoover, Herbert H., 300-304, 418, 555
Hoover, Herbert (President), 130ill., 132,145, 160
Hoover, J. Edgar, 544
Horton, Kent, 472
"hot" aerodynamics, 353
"hot" structures, 351, 355
"hot" technologies, 94
House, Rufus O., 418, 424
housing problems (LMAL), 59
Houston, John, 415ill.
Howe, Edward A., 418, 425
Huckel, Vera, 418
Hulcher, Charles A., 418
Hunsaker, Jerome C., 75, 76ill., 120, 240, 242, 289, 346, 401-404, 403il1., 406ill., 408, 443, 450, 519, 523,529
Hunsberger, Ralph F., 53
Hunsecker, Frederick, 43, 415ill.
Hunsecker, Siegfried, 415ill.
Hunt, Robert, 415ill.
hurricane of 1933, 62, 527
Hyatt, Abraham, 274
hydrodynamics, 2, 47, 55, 450, 516
hydroflaps, 219, 467
hydrofoils, 467
hypersonics, 343-373, 388, 390, 396, 471, 473,561
HYWARDS project, 367-377, 380, 562

 

ICBMs (intercontinental ballistic missiles), 39, 348, 351, 375, 381, 385, 387, 388
ice formation on aircraft, 157, 457
icing tunnel. See wind tunnels.
icing research, 110, 112, 157, 46, 484, 528
Ide, John Jay, 116, 188, 540
Illinois, University of, 51, 87, 126
impasse, experimental, 124, 134-136, 139
NACA airfoil program, 107
NACA cowling program, 320
Induction Aerodynamics Laboratory (Langley), 202, 325, 470
Industrial Revolution, 124, 311
industry, aircraft, 8, 40, 49, 51, 63, 98, 123, 128, 132, 141, 146-158, 190, 193, 211, 212, 309
in-house momentum for research programs, 181
inspections, 153, 182. See also manufacturers' conferences (NACA).
Instrument Research Laboratory (Langley), 442
instruments,
accelerometers, 520
development of research, 8, 55
manometers, 86ill.
Pitot-static tube, 73ill.
pressure gauges, 66
wind tunnel balances, 66, 84, 88, 333, 520
flight, airspeed indicators, 73
interference effects, 313, 370
interlaboratory rivalry, 194, 369-373
interservice rivalry, 9, 261, 270
intuitive engineering, 80, 81, 92
Invader (Douglas A-26), 251, 497, 498
Iowa, University of, 377
"irreversible changes" in the Langley personality caused by World War II, 208

 

J. G. White Engineering Corp., 16, 518
J. S. Darling and Son, 11
Jacobs, Eastman N., xxxvii, 36-39, 61ill., 97, 100, 102-116, 104ill., 106ill., 135, 153, 190, 198, 211, 221-228, 232-244, 245, 250, 253-259, 294, 317, 318, 349, 391, 418, 446, 452, 454, 457, 464, 467, 520, 522, 526-529, 541, 545, 548, 549, 553, 555
Jacobs-Theodorsen rivalry, 105, 106
James River, Va., 12ill., 59, 60, 545
JATO (jet-assisted takeoff), 227-229
JATO (jet-assisted, takeoff) rockets, 260
JB-3 missile, 281
"Jeep," Langley's jet-propulsion airplane test rig, 228, 229, 232-245
Jenny (Curtiss), xxxill., 21, 45, 73114, 162, 163, 395, 479-481
Jessen, Henry, 53
jet engine manufacturers (U.S), preference for axial-flow compressors, 222
jet propulsion, xxxvi, 108, 404, 545, 547, 548. See also thrust augmentors.
jet-propelled airplane model (Langley's), 237ill.
JN4H Jenny (Curtiss), xxxill., 21, 162, 479, 480
JN6H Jenny (Curtiss), 481
Joachim, William F., 152ill., 225, 226, 418, 546
Johns Hopkins University, 74, 93, 404
Johnson, Caldwell C., 418
Johnson, Clarence L. "Kelly", 363, 365, 549,562
Johnson, Ernest, 415ill.
Johnson, Everett, 6ill1.
Johnson, Harold I., 418, 550
Johnson, J. B., 152ill.
Johnson, Lyndon B., 375
Johnson, Samuel, 122
Johnson, W. Kemble, 418, 543
Johnston, S. Paul, 40, 520, 533, 537
Jones, B. Melville, 109, ill, 527
Jones, Charles 5., 152ill.
Jones, Ernest La Rue, 152ill.
Jones, Robert T., xxxvii, 57, 113, 181, 279-286, 280ill., 289, 292, 322, 418, 525, 528, 551, 552
Joukowski, Nikolai E., 75, 80
Joyce, Temple N., 152ill.
Joyner, Upshur T., 418
JRF-5 Goose (Grumman), 499ill., 500, 501, 504, 506, 507
Junkers, Hugo, 79, 524
Jupiter IRBM (intermediate range ballistic missile), 475ill.

 

Kahn, Albert, 16, 19
Kahn bill of 1920, 142, 143
Kahn, Julius, 142
Kansas, University of, 51
Kantrowitz, Arthur, 36-39, 108, 250, 253, 283, 346, 418, 467, 520, 549Kaplan, Carl, 418
kapok, 457
"Kaputnik", 376
Karman, Theodore von, 79, 94ill., 102, 262, 283, 522, 524, 528, 545, 547, 553
Katzoff, Samuel, 324, 418
Keffer, Percy R., 43ill., 418
Keirn, Donald, 224, 243, 246, 549
Kellett autogiro, 488ill.
Kelly Air Mail Act of 1925, 50, 148
Kelly, Thomas C., 559
Kemper, Carlton, 34ill., 225, 227, 229, 418, 450, 546
Kenly, William L., 408, 518
King, Ernest J., 190, 409
King, J. Austin, 545
King, Paul B., 50, 164ill., 418
Kingcobra (Bell P-63), 502ill.
Kinler, Walter G., 409
Kirschbaum, Howard W., 46, 418, 538
Kitty Hawk, N.C., 2, 99, 394, 401
Kittyhawk (Curtiss XP-40), 196, 492
Klemin, Alexander, 49, 521
Klemperer, Werner, 522
Klikoff, Waldernar A., 152ill.
Knight, Montgomery, 90, 418
Koppen, Otto, 419
Korycinski, Peter F., 357, 368, 372, 419, 563
Kotanchik, Joseph N., 419, 462
Kotcher, Ezra, 260, 271-273, 283, 289, 550
Kraft, Christopher C., Jr., 419
Kraus, Sydney M., 406ill., 409
Kuchemann Coke Bottle, 341
Kuhn, Paul, 419
Kutta, Martin W., 80
Kutta-Joukowski method, 80, 81

 

L-5 (Stinson), 503ill.
L-39 (Bell), 502ill., 504
Lambington plantation, 13
laminar flow, 102, 105, 108, 109, ill, 114, 116,117
laminar-flow airfoils. See airfoil sections,
laminar-flow.
Lampert, Florian, 535
Land, Emory S., 7ill., 409
landing gear, retractable, xxx, 157, 183
landing loads track, 442
landing problems, airplane, 157
Langley Aerodynamical Laboratory, Washington, D.C., 1, 2, 5. See also Smithsonian Institution.
Langley Field, Va., xxx, 10, 11, 14-22, 17ill., 25, 27-30, 44, 47, 49, 55, 58, 91, 93, 99, 120, 163, 170, 441ill., 518,519
Langley (Memorial) Aeronautical Laboratory (LMAL), 9, 11, 21, 4, 29, 31, 43, 45, 50, 60, 80, 152
administration building, 20ill., 30ill., 59
administrative office, 33ill.
personnel. See research sections (Langley), technical service employees, women employees, computing section employees.
Langley personality, 23, 55, 65, 91
effect of environment on, 58
effect of NACA headquarters on, 39
pre-World War II, 187
Langley, Samuel Pierpont, 1-3 4ill., 11, 67
Langley Sweet Shop, 214
Larsen, A. E., 152ill.
Larsen monoplane, 47
lateral control, 157
Latrobe, Benjamin Henry, 93, 525
Laval, Carl Gustav Patrick de, 550
Laval nozzles, 258
Lawrance, Charles W., 152ill., 532
Lawrance Sperry Aircraft Co., 167
Lend-Lease, 201
Lesley, Everett P., 53, 126, 444, 521, 524, 532
Levinson, Mark, 523, 524
Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory, 187, 194, 207, 292, 356, 388, 392, 471, 536. See also Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory.
Lewis, George W., xxxi, xxxvii, 7ill., 24-29, 26ill., 34, 36, 39, 10, 44ill., 49, 50ill., 85, 87, 91, 92, 94ill., 106, 108, 110, 119, 120, 132, 149, 151ill., 152ill., 154, 159-161, 169, 171, 174, 177, 188, 190, 193, 194, 200, 201, 216ill., 217, 227-229 230ill., 233, 236, 238-240, 245, 253, 259, 273, 321, 326, 406ill., 412ill., 519, 520, 523, 525-530, 533-542, 544, 546-549,555
Lewisohn, Adolph, 523
Liaison Office, Air Materiel Command (AAF), at Langley Field, 180, 271, 545
Liberty engine, 16-19, 518, 538, 570, 571
Lichtenstein, Jacob A., 544
Liddell, R. B., 550
lift, 72, 78, 81, 103, 131,
lift-curve slope, 80, 81
lift-drag ratio (LID), 369-371
lifting bodies, 373, 378, 380
lifting-line theory (Prandtl's), 281
lighter-than-air craft, 55, 56. See also airships.
Lightning (Lockheed P-38), 249-252, 250ill., 545, 549; dive-recovery flap for, 251, 252ill.
Lilly, Howard, 301, 304, 306
Lindbergh boom, 51, 144
Lindbergh, Charles A., 51, 52ill., 145, 192, 193, 395, 406ill., 409, 547
Lindsey, Walter F., 419, 446, 452
linear theories, 57, 75, 113
Ling-Temco-Vought Co., 341
Lippisch, Alexander, 552
liquefaction problem of supersonic wind tunnels, 346
Littell, Robert, 521
Little Joe project, 388, 389ill.
Littlewood, William, 409
LMAL Bulletin, 211, 213
loads research, 55, 442
locals, use of, for laboratory work, 206
Lockheed Aircraft Corp., 51, 129, 240, 339,545
Lockheed aircraft,
Air Express, 129, 130
F-104 Starfighter, 117, 339
Lockheed 12, ill, 162ill., 49ill1., 494
Lockheed 14, 156, 491
P-38 Lightning, 249-252, 250ill., 545, 549
P-80 Shooting Star, 117, 246ill., 251, 504
Sirius (Lindbergh's), 52ill.
XC-35, 492, 493ill.
XP-80, 240, 241
Loening, Grover, 81, 524, 532
Loening XSL-1, 103, 482
Loftin, Laurence K., Jr., 340, 395, 419, 472, 473, 523, 529, 542, 545, 550, 554
Lonnquest, Theodore C., 409
Lord, W. T., 341
Lorentz transformation, 280
Lorenzen, Coby, 419
Lorin booster, 548
Los Angeles (U.S.S.), 56ill., 521
Lougheed, Victor, 38
Love, Eugene S., 368, 478
Low, George, 385
Low-Turbulence Pressure Tunnel, 457
Ludington-Griswold, 281
lunchroom (Langley), 210
Lundquist, Eugene E., 419, 538
Lyon, A. J., 542

 

M (Munk) airfoil sections, 83, 84
MacArthur, Douglas, 537
MacCracken, William P., Jr., 409
MacDill, Leslie, 152ill., 538
"Mach 0.999 study", 271
Mach cone, 282, 283
Mach, Ernst, 254, 333
Mach number, 113, 249, 256, 276, 282, 468, 471, 474
Maclaurin, Richard C., 2, 516
Macon (U.S.S.), 56, 404
magneto-plasma-dynamics, 347
Maher, Edward T., 419, 425
Mahoney, Michael S., 531
Manchester, University of, 69
maneuverability, 156
"Man-in-Space-Soonest" (MISS) project, 377, 381
Manly, Charles M., 4ill.
manned vs. unmanned flight debate, 363
manometers, 86ill.
manpower problems (Langley's), during World War II, 203
manufacturers' conferences, NACA, 51, 63, 110, 123, 148-158; new research manufacturers' conferences, NACA (continued): authorizations resulting from, 155-159
Marauder (Martin B-26), 235ill., 494ill.
Margouiis, Wladimir, 65, 75, 76, 78
Mariner project (NASA), 393
Marshall, Richard C., 517 554
Martin aircraft,
B-10, 534
B-26 Marauder, 235ill., 494ill.
XBM-1, 484ill.
Martin, Glenn L., 534
Martin, H. S., 524
Martin, Thomas S., 517
Martin, W. M., 61ill.
Marvin, Charles F., 7¸1., 152ill., 169, 409
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 2, 29, 43, 46, 47, 49, 53, 67, 79, 162, 167, 377, 404
Masters, C. H., 43ill.
Materiel Command Liaison Office. See Liaison Office, Air Materiel Command (AAF), at Langley Field.
Materiel Command. See Air Materiel Command.
mathematical competence of LMAL staff, 91,527
mathematics, xxxiii, 41, 74, 78, 80, 81, 92, 311,320
Matthews, C. W. "Chuck", 385, 551, 553
Matthews, Robertson, 43ill.
Mattson, Axel T., 322, 419, 474, 544, 558, 559, 572-574
Mayo, William B., 419, 425
MB-3 (Thomas-Morse), 82, 163, 481
McAvoy, William H., 164ill., 166, 415ill., 419, 533, 538
McCain, John S., 409
McCarthy, Charles J., 409
McCarthy, Joseph, 340
McConnaha, "Mac", 415ill.
McCook Field, Ohio, 19, 21, 143, 152, 165-175, 178, 179, 538, 540. See also Wright Field.
McCullough, George B., 53
McDonald, Edward, 43ill.
McDonnell Aircraft Corp., 387
McDonnell aircraft,
F-4 Phantom, 475
XF-88, 506, 508ill.
McHugh, James 0., 93, 419, 45, 534, 535
McIntosh, Lawrence W., 409
McLellan, Charles H., 346, 360, 361, 419, 471, 562
McManus, Joseph, 43ill.
ME 163 (Messerschmitt), 272, 291
Mead, George J., 211, 406ill., 409, 544
mechanical engineering programs, U.S., 47
Medusa (U.S.S.), 546
Menoher, Charles T., 409, 519
Mercury astronauts, 391, 392ill.
Mercury project (NASA), 349, 350, 385-388, 478, 564
Mercury space capsule, 389ill.
Mercury's worldwide tracking network, 388
Meredith cycle, 228, 547
Meredith, Frank W., 228, 547
Merrill, Leslie C., 544
Messerschinitt ME 163, 272, 291
Messick, J. Cabelle, 419, 425, 459
metal construction of airplanes, 192
meteorology, 55
Metz, H. M., 43ill.
Meyer, Andre, 385
Meziriac, Claude Bachet de, 531
Michener, James, xxviii
Michigan State University, 404
Michigan, University of, 46-49, 51, 53, 59, 394
Military Highway, Hampton, Va., 391
military-sponsored R&D, impact on civil
aviation, 183
Miller, Elton W., 34ill., 61ill., 62ill., 89ill., 90, 132, 152ill., 173, 175ill., 227, 419, 425, 444, 525, 526, 3, 534, 536, 542
Miller, M. F., 472
Miller, Ralph B., 53
Miller, William H., 156, 529
Millikan, Clark B., 363, 554
Millikan, Robert, 547
Milling, T. D., 517mind's eye, importance of, in creating technology, xxxviii, 97, 311, 334-335, 341, 526, 556
Minnesota, University of, 262
Minuteman missiles, 478
missiles, 267, 280, 281, 343, 344, 347-350, 362, 365, 373, 462, 471, 475ill., 477, 478, 560. See also ICBMs.
mission, Langley's, during World War II, 219
Mississippi River, 542
Missouri, University of, 279
Mitchell, William "Billy", 21, 143, 144, 179, 535
Mitacher, Marc A., 409
Mixson, Robert E., 43ill., 61ill., 419
model supersonic tunnel, 250, 253, 284
Moffett, William A., 7ill., 145, 409, 528, 546
Mohave Desert, 359
Mohawk (Curtiss P-36), 491, 493
Molina, Frank J., 550
Monitor and Merrimack, 44
Monteith, Charles N., 539
Moore, D., 557
Moore, Harwood, 43ill.
Morefield plantation, 13
Morgan, E. Tasso, 43ill.
Morgan, William C. "Pop", 42, 43ill., 419
Morkovin, Vladimir, 552
Morris, Howard, 43ill.
"Mother Langley", 194
Mott, T. B., 535
Mueller, James N., 285ill., 419
Mulligan, Denis, 409
Multhopp, H., 554
Munk, Max M., xxxiv, xxxvii, 50, 57, 65, 72-78, 77ill., 81-95, 94ill., 95ill., 97, 99, 113, 119-122, 12ill1., 133, 145, 152ill., 174, 175, 279, 281, 282, 419, 443, 444, 522-525, 528-531, 535, 539,552
theoretical orientation of, 92
thin airfoil theory of 1922, 84, 92, 113
"revolt" against, 65, 84-91
Munk-Margoulis priority issue, 65, 75-78
Muroc Air Base, Calif., 224, 243, 297-300, 302, 306, 309, 315, 555
Muroc Flight Test Unit (NACA), 29, 299
Murray, Robert B., Jr., 409
Mustang (North American P-51), 116,118ill., 195, 264, 294, 296, 449ill., 494, 495, 497, 500, 501
MX-524 project, 552. See also XS-1.
MX-653 project, 552, 554. See also XS-1.
Myers, Boyd C., 559
Myers, E. B., 546
Myers, Edward A., 34ill., 419
NACA, 1, 5-11, 16, 19-22, 24-29, 32, 39-41, 44, 47, 49, 54, 58, 63, 72, 74-76, 78, 79, 83, 84, 87, 91, 108, 110, 116, 119, 120, 121, 141, 143, 145, 146, 148, 152, 162, 231, 241, 243, 271, 277, 279, 286, 289, 315, 330
appropriations, 428
budget, 142, 144, 146, 259, 427, 431-439
charter, xxviii, 5, 259, 399, 404
establishment of, 1
headquarters, xxviii, 22, 24, 27, 28, 31, 32, 36, 39, 40, 57, 72, 76, 110, 119, 120, 167, 199, 201, 226, 241, 326, 346, 353, 356, 361, 378, 401, 412, 427, 520, 552, 553, 554
management, 36, 49, 54
ownership of aircraft, 161, 162
political threats to survival of, 141-146
relations with the military, 158-184
reporting of test results, 174-178
NACA Nuts, 61ill., 62, 93, 391
NACA Nuts, transition to NASA wizards, 391
NACA Tunnel No. 1, 30, 69, 70ill., 71ill., 72. See also Atmospheric Wind Tunnel.
nacelles, 55, 131
Nahigyan, K. K. "Nick", 234, 239, 549
NASA, xxvii, 8, 16, 32, 47, 217, 304 366, 385-387, 390-393
aeronautical research under, 390
Office of Advanced Research and Technology (OART), 376, 390
Office of Manned Space Flight (OMSF), 393
Pressure Systems Committee of NASA Langley Research Center, 119, 443
National Academy of Sciences, 230, 547
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. See NACA.
National Aeronautic Association (NAA), 124, 340, 532, 556
National Aeronautics and Space Act, 381
National Aeronautics and Space Adminis- tration. See NASA.
National Bureau of Standards (NBS), 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 143, 144, 152, 161, 217, 224, 226, 276, 399, 405, 538
National Defense Research Committee (NDRC), 231
National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933, 454
National Park Service, 119
National Physical Laboratory (British), xxxviii, 2, 3, 22, 65, 69, 76, 79, 133, 253,442
National Research Council, Committee on Education and Utilization of the Engineer, 396
National Transonic Facility (NTF), 472
Naval Academy, U.S., 402, 546
Naval Air Station, Norfolk, Va., 165, 229
naval aircraft, 123
Naval Aircraft Factory, 144
Naval Ordnance Laboratory, 120, 551, 556 560
Naval Research Laboratory, xxxviii, 393,
Navy Air Service, 9
Navy Department, 399
Navy Engineering Experiment Station, 2
Navy, U.S., 2, 5, 9, 11, 24, 55, 75, 123, 132, 148, 160, 161,481-183, 227, 241, 245, 260-262, 273, 274, 289, 291, 306
Nazi Germany, 119, 188
NB-3 bomber (Bailing), 279
Neice, S., 563
Neihouse, Anshal I., 419, 544
Nelson, L. J., 543
Nelson, William J., 419
Nesbitt, A. E., 152ill.
New Deal, 145
New York University, 47, 49, 54
Newell, Homer E., 393
Newport News, Hampton, and Old Point Railway, 13
Newport News Shipbuilding an Dry Dock Co., 44, 77, 443, 518
Newport News, Va., ii, 12ill., 14, 16, 18, 44,59-61
Newton, Byron R., 409
Newton, Isaac, 66, 114
Nicholas-Beazley Airplane Co., 279
Nichols Machine Co., Waltham, Mass., 83
Nichols, Mark R., 321, 420, 557
Nickle, F. R., 542
Nieuport aircraft, 19, 481
Nike missile, 350, 478
19-Foot Pressure Tunnel, 108, 190, 459, 460ill., 46ill., 502
9 x 6-Foot Thermal Structures Tunnel, 475, 476ill.
9-Inch Supersonic Tunnel. See wind tunnels.
Noble, Edward J., 410
"Noble Order of the Green Cow", 60, 522
noise research, 55, 468, 471
"normal technology", 155
Normandy, Allied invasion of, 343
North American Aviation, 116, 361, 366
North American aircraft,
B-45, 246ill., 504
F-82 Double Mustang, 263ill.
F-86 Sabre, 306, 505, 507
P-51 Mustang, 116, 118ill., 19, 264, 294, 296, 449ill., 497, 500, 501
X-15, 358ill., 361, 365, 366ill., 367, 375, 376, 380, 381, 395, 475, 478, 561, 562
XP-51 Mustang, 494, 495, 497
North Dakota, University of, 206
North, Warren, 385
Northrop aircraft,
A-17A, 138ill., 489, 491
X-4, 364ill.
XB-35, 463ill.
Norton, Frederick H., 30, 41, 43i1., 44ill., 46, 85, 86ill., 87, 91, 99, 420, 442, 443, 520, 523-526, 538
"not-invented-here" syndrome, 309
nozzles, high-speed (Laval), 258
nuclear weapons, 348
Nyrop, Donald W., 410

 

Office of Naval Intelligence, 214, 544
Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 319
Ofstie, Ralph A., 410
Old Point Comfort, Va., 149, 150ill.
open-circuit wind tunnels, 69, 68, 70
Operation Paperclip, 75, 322
organization charts (Langley), 27, 28, 29ill., 3ill1., 40, 215, 511-514
orifices, pressure, 333
Orlin, William J., 258, 420, 550
Osborne, Robert, 536
O'Sullivan, William J., Jr., 351-353, 352ill., 355, 420, 561
Oswald, W. Bailey, 157

 

P-26A Peashooter (Boeing), 153ill., 485, 487ill., 489
P-36 Mohawk (Curtiss), 491, 493
P-38 Lightning (Lockheed), 249-252, 250ill., 545, 549
P-38 Lightning (Lockheed), dive-recovery flap for, 251, 252ill.
P-39 Airacobra (Bell), 51, 196, 199-202, 200ill., 239, 260, 299, 495, 550. See also XP-39 and YP-39.
P-47 Thunderbolt (Republic), 251, 252ill., 260, 495, 497, 498, 500, 501, 551. See also XP-47.
P-51 Mustang (North American), 116, 118ill., 195, 284, 294, 296, 449ill., 497, 500, 501. See also XP-51.
P-59 Airacomet (Bell), 224, 233, 239, 241, 242ill., 243, 247, 251, 271, 272. See also XP-59.
P-63 Kingcobra (Bell), 502ill.
P-80 Shooting Star (Lockheed), 117, 246ill., 251, 504. See also XP-80.
Pace, Ernest M., Jr., 410
Pacey, Arnold, xxxv
Packard Motor Co., 18
Padgett, L. P., 536
Pape, Charles F., 152ill.
parameter variation, 78, 79, 83, 104, 113, 124-132, 134, 136, 137, 178, 196, 268, 312, 320, 353, 372, 533
parasite test sections, 321
Paris office (NACA's), 65, 80, 116, 524
Paris, University of, 3, 523
Parkinson, John B., 420, 425, 466
Parsons, John F., 53, 420, 459
Pasamanick, Jerome, 549
patents, 8, 516
Patrick, Mason M., 160, 410
PCA-2 autogiro (Pitcairn), 162, 482
Pearl Harbor, 180, 202, 203, 214
Pearson, Albin O., 559, 564
Pearson, Henry A., 420
Peashooter (Boeing P-26A), 153ill., 485, 487ill., 489
Peenem¸nde, Nazi rocket installation at, 343, 344, 350, 471, 560
Penaud, Alphonse de, 207
Pennsylvania State University at
Pottsville, 207
Pepoon, Philip W., 544
Pepper, William B., Jr., 559
perception of Langley researchers, change in, caused by Sputnik crisis, 390, 391
Perkins, Ernest D., 46
Petersen, Richard H., 390
Pflngstag, Carl J., 410
Phantom (McDonnell F-4), 475
Phillips, Horatio, 78
Phillips, William H., 420
physics lab (Langley), 41
pilotless aircraft, 267
Pinecastle Field, Fla., 296, 297, 299, 555
Pinkel, Benjamin, 227, 229, 239, 420, 534, 543, 547, 549
Pinkerton, Robert M., 420, 526, 528
Piper Cub, 182, 492
Pitcairn Aviation Co., 152, 537
Pitcairn aircraft,
autogiro, 162ill., 482
biplane, 527
Pitcairn, Harold F., 152ill.
pitching moments, 80, 81, 220
Pitot-static tube, 73ill.
Planck, Max, 531
Platt, Robert C., 420
Plot 16, Langley Field, Va., 20
Plum Tree Island, Va., 14, 262. See also drop-body testing.
Poincaré, Henri, 531
Polliamus, Edward C., 421, 554, 557
Pool plantation, 13
potential flow, 281
Powers, Edward M., 410
practical solutions, xxviii, xxxi, 1, 23, 54, 123, 124, 399
Prandtl, Ludwig, 47, 68, 74, 75, 79, 80, 94, 111, 318, 516, 523, 528
Pratt & Whitney, 534
Pratt & Whitney engines,
1340, 227ill.
4460, 239
R-1535 radial, 236
R-1830 Wasp, 134-137, 239
J-57, 337
Pratt, Henry C., 410
pressure distribution, airfoil. See airfoils,
pressure distribution.
pressure gauges, 66
Preston, Merritt, 385
Price, John D., 410
Progressive era philosophy, 147
Prohibition, 13, 59
propeller coefficients, 90
propeller research, Lesley-Durand (Stanford University), 53
Propeller Research Tunnel. See wind tunnels.
propeller tests, Weick-Lindbergh, 52
propellers, 108, 157, 450
controllable-pitch, 183
reversible, 170
variable-pitch, 170
Public Law 167, 81st Congress, xxvii
Public Law 271, 63d Cong. (NACA charter), xxviii, 5, 259, 399, 404
Public Law 415, 81st Cong. (Unitary Wind Tunnel Plan Act of 1949), 427,474
Public Law 549, 80th Cong., 404
Public Law 908, 70th Cong., 404
Public Works Administration (PWA), 145, 254, 280, 454
publications practices, changed by World War II, 212
pulsejets, 260
Pupin, Michael I., 410
Purser, Paul E., 368, 385, 388, 421, 543
Putt, Donald L., 410
PW-9 (Boeing), 53, 161, 162ill., 482, 538
Pyle, James T., 410

 

quantum physics, 39
Quarles, Donald A., 410
Quigley, Walter, 415ill.

 

R3C-2 (Curtiss), 395
Racer (Curtiss) airplane, 403ill.
radar, 262
Radford, Arthur W., 410
ramjets, 294-296, 555, 561
hypersonic, 471
supersonic, 294, 295ill.
Rand Co., 351, 561
Ranger project (NASA), 393
Raub, Edward, 43ill.
Raymond, Arthur E., 410
Reaction Motors, Inc., 287, 288
Reber, Samuel, 410
Recant, Isadore G., 421, 550
records management system (Langley's), 567
recruitment of NACA employees, 49, 54, 206,208
Redstone Arsenal, 377, 385, 387
Reed Award, Sylvanus Albert, 106ill.
Reed, S. Albert, 532
Reed, Warren D., 53
Reeder, John P. "Jack", 421, 423ill., 542
reentry from space, 349, 357, 359, 360, 362, 375, 388, 473, 476
reentry vehicles, 462, 477, 561, 562, 563
Regier, Arthur A., 421, 459
Reichelderfer, Francis W., 406ill., 410
Reid, Elliott G., xxxiv, 46, 47, 50, 53, 93, 94ill., 127, 421, 521
Reid, Henry J. E., xxvii, xxviii, xxixill., xxxi, xxxvii, 32, 33, 34ill., 36, 40-42, 43ill., 46, 48, 50ill., 61, 62ill., 88, 90, 91, 94ill., 105, 108, 132, 152ill., 193, 206, 17ill., 226, 227, 230ill., 233, 235, 239, 254ill., 267, 377, 392, 421, 424, 425ill., 525, 527, 536, 538, 541, 542, 544, 546, 548, 549, 550, 554, 555
Reiser, Walter H., 62i11., 152ill., 421
Reif, Ernest F., 523Reliant (Stinson SR-7), 162, 182, 183ill., 489ill.
Reller, John O., 379
Renaissance, 311
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 392
Rentzel, Delos W., 410
reports, NACA, 34, 35ill.
Republic aircraft,
F-84 Thunderjet, 246ill.
F-105, 472
P-47 Thunderbolt, 251, 252ill., 260, 495, 497, 498, 500, 501, 551
XP-47 Thunderbolt, 196, 495
research airplane program, historical interpretation of, 309
research authorization 83, 166-181, 168ill.
research authorization procedure, 36, 37ill., 155; background justifications, 161, 182
research divisions (Langley),
Aerodynamics Division, 41, 84, 90, 181
Aero-Physics Division, 471
Air-Flow Research Division, 211, 294, 545
Compressibility Research Division, 211, 236, 252, 292, 325, 344, 357, 544
Flight Research Division, 294, 555
Full-Scale Research Division, 211, 470, 557
High-Speed Aerodynamics Division, 471,478
Instrument Research Division, 206, 262, 296, 387, 457
Physical Research Division, xxix, 105, 113, 284, 553, 573
Pilotless Aircraft Research Division (PARD), 269, 343, 350, 353, 378, 386, 559, 567
Power Plants Division, 41, 49, 134, 229, 239,240
Stability Research Division, 554
Structures Division, 207, 382, 371
research, NACA,
change from general to specific testing during World War II, 188
political limitations, 184
problem of duplicating efforts, 9, 141
research sections (Langley),
Atmospheric Wind Tunnel (AWT), 41, 53, 127,573
8-Foot High-Speed Tunnel (HST), 294
engine analysis, 234, 239
flight research, 53, 261, 296
Full-Scale Tunnel (FST), 196, 199, 543
9-Inch Supersonic Tunnel, 295
Propeller Research Tunnel (PRT), xxxiiill., 127, 131, 134
7 x 10-Foot Wind Tunnel, 134
16-Foot High-Speed Tunnel (HST), 286
Stability and Control, 354
Two-Dimensional Low Turbulence Tunnel, 523
Variable-Density Tunnel (VDT), 522, 523
retractable landing gear, xxx, 157, 183
retrorockets, 378, 385
reunions of NACA employees, 60
Reynolds number, 69, 72, 74-76, 79, 84, 87, 102, 103, 175, 180, 190, 266, 316, 318, 327, 329, 443, 452, 459, 464, 468, 474, 479, 529
Reynolds, Osborne, 69
Rhode, Richard V., 51, 421, 521, 522, 538
Ribner, Herbert S., 421
Richardson, Holden C., 24, 152, 410, 517
Richardson, Lawrence B., 411
Rickenbacker, Edward V., 411
Ridley, Jack, 301
Ritchie, Virgil S., 328, 559
Ritter, W. K., 61ill., 421
rivalry between Langley and other NACA laboratories, 194, 369-373
Rizzo, Frank 5., 177, 421
Robins, Augustine W., 411
Robinson, Russell G., 40, 53, 253, 421, 454, 557
Roché, Jean, 179, 180, 271, 283, 289, 540
rocket model testing (Wallops Island, Va.), 309, 312, 551
rocket-model technique for transonic
research, 267-270, 269ill.; criticism by wind tunnel groups, 269, 270
rockets, 184, 231, 260, 272-274, 561
Rodert, Lewis A., 110, ill, 421, 528
Roebling, John, 93Rogallo, Francis M., 53, 421
Roland, Alex, xxxvi, xxxvii, xxxviii, 6, 160, 241, 242, 341, 397, 405, 525, 537, 544, 556
Rollin, Vernon G., 421, 534
Roma, 56
Rome, University of, 319
Ronan, Kenneth M., 46
Roosevelt administration (FDR), 145
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 146, 147ill., 203, 204
Root, L. Eugene, 294
Rothrock, Addison, 61ill., 421, 450
Rothschild, Louis S., 411
Round III (NACA interlaboratory meetings on third generation research airplane), 371-373, 380, 563
Rouse, Parke, Jr., 391
Royal Aeronautical Society (British), 78
Royal Aircraft Establishment (British), 244, 245, 262
Royal Aircraft Factory (British), 2, 3
Rubert, Kennedy F., 202, 421, 470, 551
Runckel, Jack F., 421, 472
Ryan, Oswald, 411
Ryan ST sportplane, 162ill., 487

 

S-3 turbojet engine (German), 223
Sabine, Wallace C, 411
Sabre (North American F-86), 306, 505, 507
Sam-D missile, 478
Sanford Moss turbosupercharger, 21, 170, 571
Sanger, Eugen, 350, 560
Sanger -Bredt study, 350, 355
satellite tracking network (Mercury project), 375, 387
satellites, 187
Saville, Gordon P., 411
SB2C Helidiver (Curtiss), 260, 495, 497, 500, 501, 550
SB2U-1 Vindicator (Vought-Sikorsky), 196,489-491
scale effects, 57, 99, 101, 102, 108
"scale up" data, 69
scale-effect comparisons, 84
Schey, Oscar W., 422, 450, 533, 534, 545
Schirra, Walter, 392ill.
schlieren photographs, 256ill., 254, 255ill., 333,452
Schmued, Edgar, 116
Schneider Cup Race, 395
Schopenhauer, Arthur, 121
Schubauer, George, 546
Schultz, Fred W., 61ill., 422
science and engineering, 139, 311
Scientific Advisory Board, USAF, 361
Scriven, George P., 3, 9-11, 401, 402, 411, 517
SE-5A (R.A.F.), 163, 480
seagulls, 38
Seaplane Impact Basin (Langley), 442, 466
seaplane towing channels (Langley), 450, 451ill., 466
seaplanes, 2, 43, 450
secrecy, lid of, on jet-propulsion development during World War II, 242, 243
security, laboratory, 212, 544
Seidman, Oscar, 422, 462, 544
selective service problems (Langley's), 203
separation of flow, 79, 111
Sergeant rockets, 388
7 x 10-Foot Atmospheric Wind Tunnel, 238, 239, 442, 447, 467
7 x 10-Foot High-Speed Tunnel, 469
Seversky XP-41, 196, 198, 492, 494
shadow networks, 40, 58
Sharp, Edward R. "Ray", 32, 34ill., 50ill., 62ill., 152ill., 239, 417ill., 425, 536, 537,539,549
Shell Oil Co., 404
Sheilbank plantation, 13
Shenandoah (U.S.S.), 56, 521
Shepard, Alan, 392ill.
Sherman, Albert E., 226-229, 232-236, 238, 239, 241, 422, 526, 547, 548
Sherwood plantation, 13, 14ill.
"shingles". See heat shields.
Shobe, Charles, 415ill.
shock waves, 249, 254, 332, 333, 348, 349, 452, 559
shock-stall effects, 276
Shoemaker, James M., 225, 422, 546
Shooting Star (Lockheed P-80), 117, 240, 241, 246ill., 251, 504
Shore Camp, NACA, 60
short takeoff and landing (STOL), 459
Shortal, Joseph A., 6ill1., 422, 424, 551, 560
Shurtleff, J. D., 43ill.
Signal Corps, 10
Silverstein, Abraham "Abe", 253, 386, 392, 393, 422, 447, 526, 542
Simpkinson, Scott, 385
simplifying assumptions, 81
simultaneous discovery, phenomenon of, 75
Sinette, John T., Jr., 545
16-Foot High-Speed Tunnel (Ames's), 329, 120
16-Foot High-Speed Tunnel. See wind tunnels.
16-Foot Transonic Tunnel. See wind tunnels.
16-Foot High-Speed Tunnels.
6-Inch Wind Tunnel, 177
Skyrocket (Douglas D-558-2), 304, 305ill., 363, 364ill.
Skystreak (Douglas D-558-1), 275, 291, 304, 306, 312, 315, 356, 364ill.
Slater, Samuel, 93
Slayton, Donald "Deke", 392ill.
slender-wing theory (Munk's), 57, 282
slipstream effects, 101
Sloan, John T., 16, 518
Sloop, John, 247
slotted-throat transonic wind tunnels. See wind tunnels, slotted-throat transonic.
small-model technique of wind tunnel testing, 312-315, 318
Smith, A. M. O., 294
Smith, Richard K., 533
Smithsonian Institution, 1-5, 4ill., 11, 399, 405
smoke tunnel, 102
SOC-1 (Curtiss), 219, 489
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 37, 156
Sopwith aircraft, 19
Sopwith, Thomas, xxix
Soucek, Apollo, 125
Soulé, Hartley A., 93, 181-183, 283, 297, 298ill., 355, 362, 422, 424, 521, 540, 550, 551, 554, 555, 563
sound barrier, 253-258, 260, 312
Southern California, University of, 330
Soviet Union, 187, 340, 375, 387
Spaatz, Carl, 411
space flight, xxxvi, 350, 351, 355, 356, 561; changing attitude about, in 1950s, 376
space research, shift at Langley from aeronautics to, 390
space shuttle (NASA), 367, 369
ceramic tiles, 372
Columbia, 366
Space Task Group (STG), 386-388, 391, 564
space technology revolution, 187, 387, 391
Spad aircraft, 19, 481
SPAD VII (French), 163, 481
Sparrow missile, 350
Special Flying Weapons Team (NACA), 267, 343
specialization of research, 54, 55, 57, 396
speed of sound, 249, 264
speed regimes, distinction between sub-
sonic, transonic, supersonic, and hypersonic, 344
Sperry, Elmer A., 532
Sperry Messenger, 88, 90, 166-180, 169ill., 175ill., 481, 482, 538, 539
spin tests, 220i11., 293ill., 463ill.
spinning, 35, 446, 453, 456, 459, 462
Spivey, John, 415ill.
Sputnik 1, 217, 373
Sputnik 2, 375
Sputnik crisis, 187, 373-376
Squier, George O., 11, 13, 411, 517, 518
SR-7 Reliant (Stinson), 162, 182, 183ill., 489ill.
stability and control, 54, 192, 447, 456, 459,469
Stability Tunnel, 466
Stack, John, xxxvii, 6ill1., 154, 236, 250, 251, 253, 254, 256, 257ill., 258-262 270-280, 286, 288, 290-292, 296, 297, 304-307, 308ill., 312-314, 317, 318, 320-327, 325ill., 329-331, 336-338, 340, 344, 347, 357, 376, 390, 422, 424, 446, 452, 474, 526 528, 544, 550, 551, 554, 556, 557, 562
stalling, 112
Stanford University, 8, 11, 29, 47, 53, 94, 126, 167, 231, 404
Stanley, Robert, 239, 273, 553
Starfighter (Lockheed F-104), 117, 339
"Stayputnik", 376
steam engine, 311
Stearman-Hammond Y, 489, 490ill.
Steger, John O., 16
Stern, W. J., 553
Sternfleld, L., 368
Stevens, Leslie C., 411
Stever, H. Guyford, 377
Stidde, George W., 422, 535
Stillwell, Wendell H., 562
sting support systems for wind tunnel models, 315, 316
Stinson L-5, 503ill.
Stinson SR-7 Reliant, 162, 182, 183ill., 489ill.
Stivers, Louis B., Jr., 116
Stone, David G., 354, 355, 422, 561
Stout Airplane Co., 152
Stout, William B., 152ill.
Strailman, Gilbert T., 61ill., 422
Stratofortress (Boeing B-52), 561
Stratton, Samuel W., 2, 3, 7ill., 37, 411, 518, 520, 538
structures research, 55, 192, 381, 477
Structures Research Laboratory (Langley), 442, 462, 463ill.
strut support systems for wind tunnel models, 313, 314
"sufficient lift" concept, 358
superchargers, 25, 29, 41, 199, 450
NACA Root-type, 571
Sanford Moss turbosupercharger, 21, 170, 571
turbosuperchargers, 198, 200
supercritical, 249
supercritical dives, 252
Superfortress (Boeing B-29), 262, 263ill., 286, 296, 300, 301, 500, 501, 502ill.
"supersaturation" problem in wind tunnels, 346
supersonic flight, xxxvi, 301, 355
supersonic free-flight tunnel, 349
supersonic ramjets, 294, 295ill.
supersonic transport (SST), 390, 475
supersonic wind tunnels. See wind tunnels, supersonic.
supersonics, 36, 57, 281, 284, 343, 360, 404, 467, 472, 473
"super-supersonic" wind tunnel, 343
Surveyor project (NASA), 393
Swarthmore College, 25, 49, 521
swept wings. See wings, swept.
swept-wing concept, xxxiv, 279-286, 289, 292

 

Taback, Israel, 368
Taft, William Howard, 3
tail sections of supersonic aircraft, 360
tail surfaces, 156, 260
tailless aircraft, 459
takeoffs,
jet-assisted, 227-229
jet-assisted vs. catapult, 229
rocket-assisted, 230, 231
Tank No. 1 (Langley), 450, 45ill.
Tank No. 2 (Langley), 466
Taylor, David W., 1, 2, 7ill., 21, 411, 519
Taylor, Geoffrey I., 109, ill, 527
technical service employees, 42, 43, 45ill., 543
technological inertia, 132, 134
technological momentum, 132,134
technology transfer, 65, 91, 93, 525
telemetry, 262, 268
10 x 14-inch continuous-flow tunnel (Ames's), 353
Thaden, Herbert V., 152ill.
Thaden Metal Aircraft Corp., 152
Theodorsen, Theodore, xxxi, xxxiv, xxxvii, 105-108, 107ill., ill, 113, 135, 136ill., 138, 139, 254, 284, 285, 320, 422, 527, 528, 535, 572, 573, 574
theoretician vs. experimentalist, xxxiii, 91, 92, 105, 106
theory, xxix, 47, 57, 78, 81, 107, 121, 139, 533
theory, airfoil, xxxi, 47, 57, 75, ill, 113, 221
thermonuclear fusion, 38, 108
Thiokol Chemical Corp., Reaction Motors Div., 366
Thomas-Morse MB-3, 82, 163, 481
Thompson, Floyd L., xxxvii, 46, 47, 59, 261, 277, 278ill., 289, 291, 297, 351, 357, 381, 362, 368, 386, 387, 391-395, 393ill., 394ill., 422, 424, 520, 521, 525, 538, 545, 551, 554, 562,564
Thompson, J. R., 551, 553
300-MPH 7 x 10-Foot Tunnel, 192, 467
thrust augmentors, 225, 546
thrust-to-weight ratio of Langley's jet-propelled research airplane concept, 240,241
Thunderbolt (Republic P47), 196, 251, 252ill., 260, 495, 497, 498, 500, 501, 551
Thunderjet (Republic F-84), 246ill.
Tiamat missile, 281
Tichenor, Frank, 133, 144, 145, 529, 533, 535
Tidewater, Va., 12ill., 14, 58, 60, 61
Tiger (Grumman F9F-9). See F11F-1.
Tinling, Bruce E., 379
Toledo Scale Co., 543
Toll, Thomas A., 356, 357, 422
Topping compressor, 477
Towers, John H., 231, 406ill., 411
towing tanks, 7, 66, 442
Towle Aircraft Co., 51
Townend, Hubert C., 133
Townend ring, 133, 534
Tozier, Robert E., 61, 422
transition from laminar to turbulent flow, 102, 108-ill, 116, 117
transonic bump, 470, 557
Transonic Dynamics Tunnel, 459, 461ill., 462
transonic problem, 247, 257, 271, 309, 312, 321
transonic range, 236, 237, 240, 249, 261, 312, 395, 469, 472, 474, 551
transonic research, stopgap methods of, 261-270
transonic tunnels. See wind tunnels, transonic.
transport airplanes, control requirements for, 158, 182
Trefftz, E., 528
Truman, Harry S., 304
Truscott, Starr, 46, 422, 450, 466, 543
Truszynski, Gerald M., 296, 422
TS-1 (Curtiss), 160, 163, 481
Tsien, Hsue-Shen, 281
Tucker, Virginia, 422
tuft surveys, 298ill, 333
turbines, gas, 39, 223, 225, 236, 547
turbojet projects at Bell, 246
turbojet revolution, as product of aerodynamicists, 225, 245, 246, 309
turbojets, 184, 223-226, 233, 260, 272, 274
turbo-propeller, 233
turbosuperchargers, 21, 170, 198, 200, 571
turbulence, 68, 102, 109-111, 116, 117, 120, 329, 468
Turner, Harold R., Jr., 259, 422
Turner, Harold R., Sr., 93, 422
Turner, Lindsey I., Jr., 422, 464
turnover of Langley employees, 49-51
Turon, J., 43ill.
Twain, Mark, xxxviii
12-Foot Free-Flight Tunnel, 457, 458ill., 459
12-Inch High-Speed Tunnel, 252
12-inch portable combustion tunnel, 235
20-Foot Spin Tunnel, 293ill. 462, 463ill.
20-Inch Hypersonic Tunnel, 478
20-Inch Transonic Tunnel, 452
24-Inch High-Speed Tunnel, 104, 252, 254, 452ill.
26-Inch Transonic Blowdown Tunnel (TBT), 464, 472, 473
Twining, Nathan F., 411
Two-Dimensional Low-Turbulence Tunnel. See wind tunnels.
Type A Military Flyer (Wright), 2

 

Underwood, William J., 423
Unitary Plan Tunnel, 474, 475
Unitary Wind Tunnel Plan Act of 1949 (Public Law 415, 81st Congress), 427,474
United Aircraft Corp., 211United Airlines, 112
"unobtainium", 372
U.S. Army. See Army, U.S.
U.S. Navy. See Navy, U.S.
U.S. Weather Bureau. See Weather Bureau, U.S.

 

V-1 missile, 260, 283, 343
V-2 missile, 343, 471, 560
Valentine, E. Floyd, 534
Van Allen, James A., 377
Van de Graaff generator, 38
Vandenberg, Hoyt S., 411
Vanguard project, 375, 377
Vanguard TV-3, 375
Variable-Density Tunnel. See wind tunnels.
variable-sweep wing, 390
Vaughn, Sidney P., 225, 226, 546
VE-7 (Vought), 163, 171, 480, 481
Versailles, Treaty of, 524
vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL), 390, 459
vibration, 55, 404
Victory, John F., 7ill., 1, 24, 25ill., 28-33, 30ill., 39, 40, 142, 149, 151, 152ill., 160, 204, 217ill., 402ill., 403ill., 406ill., 412, 517-520, 529, 535-537, 543, 544, 567
Vidal, Eugene L., 411
Viking project (NASA), 394
Vincenti, Walter G., 53, 444, 532, 557, 564
Vindicator (Vought-Silcorsky SB2U-1), 196,489-491
Virden, Ralph, 249, 251
Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI), 27, 347, 486, 471
Virginia, University of, 560
viscosity, 76, 102
visitation policies (Langley), 154
Vogeley, A., 368
Volta Congress on High-Speed Aeronautics, 36, 109, ill, 255, 283, 553
Von Ohain, Hans, 223
vortex shedding, 459
vortex-free flow, 281
Vought aircraft,
F4U-1 Corsair, 138ill., 219, 495, 496, 500
F7U Cutlass, 246ill.
F-8U, 339, 509
VE-7, 163, 171, 480, 481
XF4U Corsair, 196, 544
XF-8U, 307il1., 507ill.
Vought-Sikorsky Aircraft Division, United Aircraft Corp., 281
Vought-Sikorsky SB2U-1 Vindicator, 196, 489-491
V/STOL Tunnel, 468ill.
Vultee, Gerry, 129

 

W-1 (Weick) airplane, 156, 485
Walcott, Charles D., 3, 5, 8, 9, 11, 24, 401, 402ill., 411, 516, 518
Waldron, Clyde D., 61ill., 423
wall correction factors, 447
Wall Street crash of 1929, 101
Wallops Island, Va., 267-270, 268ill., 339, 343, 353, 356, 362, 387-389, 499, 563, 567
War Department, U.S., 5, 8-11, 13, 16, 143, 192, 319, 399, 402
Ward, Kenneth, 6lill., 423, 452
Ward, Vernon G., 321, 324, 329, 341, 423
Ware, Marsden, 42, 43ill., 50, 152ill., 423
Waring, C. T., 518
Warner, Edward P., 29, 46, 53, 75, 145, 148, 152ill., 156, 182, 406ill., 411, 442, 519, 520, 522, 530, 533, 536, 538,546
Warner, Maurice D., 46
Washington Navy Yard, 24, 68; wind tunnels at, 68
Washington office of NACA. See NACA, headquarters.
Washington, University of, 47
Wasielewski, Eugene, 221, 222, 244
Wasp engine (Pratt & Whitney R-1830), 134-137,239
Weather Bureau, U.S., 5, 9, 148, 152, 161, 169, 399, 405
Webb, James, 394
Webster, Arthur, 43ill.
Webster, William, 412
Weick, Fred E., xxxiiil., 51, 52ill., 87-90, 89ill., 94ill., 126, 127ill., 128, 131,152ill., 154, 157, 177, 181, 182, 424, 444, 486, 521, 525, 532, 533
Weick W-1 airplane, 156,485
weight, effect of, on speed of Bell P-39 Airacobra, 202
weightlessness in space, 357
Weiss, Warren, 61ill.
Wenham, Francis, 66, 68, 207, 317
Wenzinger, Carl, 424
Werth, John, 518
West Area (Langley), 187, 189ill., 192, 441
Westinghouse, 2, 38, 39, 119, 233, 242
Westinghouse 24C turbojet, 290
Westover, Oscar, 192, 412, 519
Wetmore, Alexander, 412
Wetmore, Joseph W., 424, 551
Weyerbacher, Ralph D., 412
Wheatley, John B., 53, 424, 546
whirling arms, 1, 66, 67, 78, 315, 471
Whirlwind engine (Wright J-5), 127, 128, 532
Whitcomb, Richard T., xxxvii, 249, 322, 328, 331-341, 335ill., 370, 424, 454, 557-559
White, Thomas D., 412
Whitman, Walter G., 412
Whitten, James B., 356, 357, 423ill.
Whittle engines,
I-14, 247
I-16, 247
I-40,247
I-A "Superchargers", 224
turbojet, 224, 230, 233, 239, 243, 244, 260
WIX, 223
Whittle, Frank, 223, 226, 243
Wieselberger, Carl, 318, 319, 320, 557
Wilbur Wright Memorial Lectures, 78, 169
Wildcat (Grumman XF4F), 196, 489, 492
Williams, E. P., 561
Williams, Walter C., 296, 297, 300-302, 355, 362, 363, 424, 555
Wilson, Herbert A. "Hack", Jr, 424, 474
Wilson, Woodrow, 3, 5, 16, 75
Wimperis, H. E., 78, 523
wind tunnels, xxviii, 1, 8, 20-24, 22ill., 40, 41, 47, 48, 57, 63, 66, 67, 69, 78, 83, 442. See also experimental equipment.
Altitude Wind Tunnel at AERL, 246
Annular Transonic Tunnel, 315, 330, 331, 557
at Auteuil, France, 3, 68
at Catholic University, 3
at Chalais-Meudon, France, 188, 540
at Champs de Mars, France, 3
at Gottingen, Germany, 68
atmospheric, 21, 120, 170
Atmospheric Wind Tunnel, 50, 81. See also NACA Tunnel No. 1.
balances, 66, 84, 88, 333, 520
blowdown technique, 159, 345, 346, 347
carbon dioxide as test medium, 75, 76
choking problem, 258, 312, 315, 464
closed circuit, 67-70, 74, 75
Continuous-Flow Hypersonic Tunnel, 471
differences between subsonic and supersonic, 344
drive systems, 66, 67
8-Foot High-Speed Tunnel (HST), 138, 190, 19ill1., 251, 253, 258, 292, 293ill., 313, 314, 315, 317, 320, 321, 322, 324, 327-331, 333, 334, 336, 337, 454, 455ill., 541, 545, 550, 557
8-Foot Transonic Pressure Tunnel (TPT), 329, 444, 474, 559
8-Foot Transonic Tunnel. See 8-Foot High-Speed Tunnel (HST).
11-Inch High-Speed Tunnel (HST), 99, 104, 253, 318, 321, 446, 452
11-inch hypersonic tunnel, 345ill., 346, 347, 353, 356, 358, 360, 471
expanding nozzle principle, 345
15-Foot Spin Tunnel, 453
5-Foot Atmospheric Wind Tunnel (AWT), 442
5-Foot Free-Flight Tunnel, 456ill.
5-Foot Vertical Tunnel, 442, 446
Flutter Tunnel, 469, 470
4 x 18-Inch High-Speed Tunnel, 446
4 x 19-Inch High-Speed Tunnel, 446
4-Foot Supersonic Pressure Tunnel, 325, 472, 473ill.
4 x 4-Foot Supersonic Pressure Tunnel. See wind tunnels, 4-Foot Supersonic Pressure Tunnel.
14-Foot Transonic Tunnel (Ames's), 329
Flutter Tunnel, 469, 470
Free-Spinning Tunnel, 220ill., 453ill.
Freon as test medium, 459, 464
FST vs. VDT debate, 101-105
Full-Scale Tunnel (FST), xxx, 7, 57, 99-105, 103ill., 129, 151, 153ill., 159, 188, 190, 194, 195il1., 199, 201, 202, 242, 267, 374ill, 447, 448, 449, 454, 459, 461, 487, 502, 526, 534, 541
Galleria Ultrasonora at Guidonia, Italy, 319
Gust Tunnel, 468, 469ill.
hypersonic, 344, 347, 471, 474, 475, 478, 560
icing tunnel, 41, 110, ill, 114, 185, 192, 528
Low-Turbulence Pressure Tunnel (LTPT), 457
model supersonic tunnel, 250, 253, 284
model support systems, 314-316
NACA Tunnel No. 1, 30, 69, 70ill., 71ill., 72. See also Atmospheric Wind Tunnel (AWT).
National Transonic Facility (NTF), 472
9 x 6-Foot Thermal Structures Tunnel, 475, 476ill.
9-Inch Supersonic Tunnel, 38, 250, 255ill., 285ill., 294, 346, 467
19-Foot Pressure Tunnel, 108, 190, 459, 460ill., 46ill1., 502
noise problem, 159
nozzles, 345, 346, 347
1.5-meter-diameter tunnel at Champs de Mars, France, 68
open-circuit, 68-70. See also wind tunnels, atmospheric.
parasite test sections, 321
pressurization, 68, 76
pre-World War I, 68
Propeller Research Tunnel (PRT), xxx, xxi, xxxiiill., 41, 56, 87-90, 89ill., 99, 108, 124, 126, 128ill., 129, 131, 132ill., 134, 136, 158, 159, 175ill., 177, 180, 188, 202, 444ill., 445ill., 525, 532
settling chamber, 68
7 x 10-Foot Atmospheric Wind Tunnel, 238, 239, 442, 447, 467
7 x 10-Foot High-Speed Tunnel, 469
6-Inch Wind Tunnel, 177
16-Foot High-Speed Tunnel (Ames's), 329, 120
16-Foot High-Speed Tunnel (HST),
xxviii, xxxvii., 120, 192, 251, 253, 266, 315, 321-328, 323ill., 330ill., 429, 430ill., 459, 464, 465ill., 466, 470, 472, 558
16-Foot Transonic Tunnel. See 16-Foot
High-Speed Tunnel (HST).
slotted-throat transonic, xxxiii, 309, 311, 312, 316, 318-320, 322, 324, 326, 327, 329, 330ill., 331, 454, 459, 464, 474, 558
small-model technique, 312, 313, 315, 318
smoke tunnel, 102
Stability Tunnel, 466
steam-powered, 67
supersonic, 36, 38, 250, 253, 255, 258, 284, 285, 294, 325, 343, 344, 345, 346, 349, 472, 473, 550, 560
liquefaction problem, 346
power requirements of, 345
supersaturation, 346
supersonic free-flight tunnel, 349
10 x 14-inch continuous-flow tunnel (Ames's), 353
300-MPH 7 x 10-Foot Tunnel, 192, 467
Transonic Dynamics Tunnel (TDT), 459, 461ill., 462
transonic, xxxvi, 309, 311, 312, 315, 318-320, 322, 324, 326, 327, 329, 330, 331, 444, 452, 454, 458, 459, 461, 462, 464, 472-474, 557, 558
turbulence, 99-102, 104, 108
12-Foot Free-Flight Tunnel, 457, 458ill., 459
12-Inch High-Speed Tunnel, 252
12-inch portable combustion tunnel, 235
20-Foot Spin Tunnel, 293ill., 462, 463ill.
20-Inch Hypersonic Tunnel, 478
20-Inch Transonic Tunnel, 452
24-Inch High-Speed Tunnel, 104, 252, 254, 452ill.
26-Inch Transonic Blowdown Tunnel (TBT), 464, 472, 473
Two-Dimensional Low-Turbulence
Tunnel, 111, 114, 118, 119, 239, 457, 464, 529
Unitary Plan Tunnel, 474, 475
variable-density, 65, 72, 76, 103-110, 170
Variable-Density Tunnel (VDT), xxx, 39, 77ill., 78, 81, 83-85, 87, 97-102, 104ill., 108, 113, 118, 119, 120, 126, 135, 159, 172-180, 188, 202, 253, 443ill., 446, 525, 526, 528, 537
ventilated or porous test sections, 329
V/STOL Tunnel, 468ill.
wall interference, 316-318, 321
Wenham design, 66
Windler, Raymond, xxxiiill, 424
"wind-tunnel jockey", 208
wing coefficients, 90
wing-flow technique (Gilruth's), 262-267, 266ill., 276, 284, 296, 309, 315, 353, 551
wings, 35, 65, 78-81, 107, 314, 450
Clark Y, 35
delta, 58, 281, 334, 368, 459, 552
flat-bottomed, 369, 372
Fowler, 537
swept, 58, 247, 332, 334, 473, 552, 554, 559
thin vs. thick, 267
variable-sweep, 390
wing-warping, 8, 516
Wolf, Charles, 43ill., 415ill.
Wolfe, Thomas, 18, 518
women employees, 50, 63, 187, 206, 207, 209, 543
Wong, Thomas 1, 378, 379
Wood, Clotaire, 355
Wood, Donald H., xxxiiill., 177, 424, 444, 532, 534
Wood, Robert W., 254
Woodrum, Clifton A., 193
Woods, Robert J., 46, 51, 198, 199, 350, 363, 424, 553, 561
Woods-Dornberger documents, 351, 353
Woolams, Jack, 296, 299
Worcester Polytechnic Institute, xxviii, 32, 46, 331
World Cruisers (Douglas), 572
World War I, xxix, 3, 8, 11, 12, 14, 22, 28, 41, 44, 46, 50, 54, 55, 58, 66, 68, 74, 79, 80, 142, 158, 394, 395, 546
World War II, 36, 39, 51, 55, 58, 63, 68, 116, 118, 137, 144, 148, 155, 161, 180-184, 187, 188, 311, 318, 388, 427, 454, 467, 470, 528, 541
Wright Aeronautical Corp., 51, 152, 537
Wright aircraft,
Type A Military Flyer, 2
Apache, 124, 125ill., 127, 532
Wright brothers, 2, 67, 68, 78, 79, 126, 401,420
Wright engines,
3350, 239
1820, 239
J-5 Whirlwind, 127, 128, 532
Wright Field, Ohio, 144, 165, 179, 198-201, 240, 243, 260, 271, 272, 286, 289, 299, 307, 549, 551, 553, 555. See also McCook Field.
Wright Flyer, 3
Wright, Orville, xxxiill., 3, 7ill., 44ill., 145, 402ill., 406ill., 412, 532
Wright, Ray H., 316-318, 320-322, 324, 327, 328ill., 329, 424, 474, 557
Wright, Theodore P., 152ill., 412
Wright, Wilbur, 3
Wright-Martin Co., 8
Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, 329, 366, 559
Wuest, Jacob, 254ill.

 

X-1 (Bell), xxxvill., 51, 350, 356, 363, 364, 371, 454, 545, See also XS-1.
X-1 concept, 364
X-1A (Bell), 359, 364ill., 562
X-1E (Bell), 307ill.X-2 (Bell), 350, 354ill., 355, 472
X-3 (Douglas), 363, 364ill.
X-4 (Northrop), 364ill.
X-5 (Bell), 350, 364ill.
X-15 (North American), 358ill., 361, 365, 366ill., 367, 375, 376, 380, 381, 395, 475, 478, 561, 562
XB-32 Dominator (Consolidated), 196
XB-35 (Northrop), 463ill.
XBFC-1 (Curtiss), 488ill.
XBM-1 (Martin), 484ill.
XBT-2 (Douglas), 196, 491
XC-35 (Lockheed), 492, 493ill.
XF2A Buffalo (Brewster), 194-197, 195ill., 262, 492, 542
XF3F (Grumman), 192. See also F3F.
XF4F Wildcat (Grumman), 196, 489, 492
XF4U Corsair (Vought), 196, 544. See also F4U-1.
XF-8U (Vought), 307ill., 507ill See also F-8U.
XF-88 (McDonnell), 506, 508ill.
XF-92 (Convair), 364ill.
XP-39 Airacobra (Bell), 492, 542. See also P-39 and YP-39.
XP-40 Kittyhawk (Curtiss), 196, 492
XP-41 (Seversky), 196, 198, 492, 494
XP-42 (Curtiss), 196, 492, 493ill.
XP-46 (Curtiss), 196
XP-47 Thunderbolt (Republic), 196, 495. See also P-47.
XP-51 Mustang (North American), 494, 495, 497. See also P-51.
XP-59 Airacomet (Bell), 273, 297. See also P-59.
XP-80 (Lockheed), 240, 241. See also P-80.
XS-1 (Bell), 181, 271-279, 275ill., 286, 287, 289, 294, 296, 300ill., 301, 305, 306, 312, 315, 326, 332, 357, 551, 552, 553, 555. See also X-1.
XS-2 (Bell), 313ill., 316ill., 555
XSL-1 (Loening), 103, 482
XSO3C-1 (Curtiss), 196, 492

 

Yale University, 46
Yeager, Charles E. "Chuck", 300-304, 308ill., 359, 555
YF-102 (Convair), 337. See also F-102.
Young, Alfred W., 533
Young, Pearl I., 206, 207, 209ill., 424, 522, 536
YP-37 (Curtiss), 196, 494
YP-39 (Bell), 201, 494. See also P-39 and XP-39.

 

Zahm, Albert F., 3, 68, 516, 522, 528Zeppelin, Ferdinand von, 207
Zeppelin, Luftsclaiffbau, 74, 76, 523
Zero (Japanese), 496ill., 495
Zimmerman, Charles H., 35, 51, 6ill., 351-353, 352ill., 355, 385, 424, 446, 453, 456ill., 459, 521, 522, 540, 561

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